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Resistance and Susceptibility Immune Factors at Play during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection of Macrophages

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), is responsible for >1.5 million deaths worldwide annually. Innate immune cells, especially macrophages, are the first to encounter M.tb, and their response dictates the course of infection. During infection, macrophage...

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Autores principales: Simper, Jan D., Perez, Esteban, Schlesinger, Larry S., Azad, Abul K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36297211
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101153
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author Simper, Jan D.
Perez, Esteban
Schlesinger, Larry S.
Azad, Abul K.
author_facet Simper, Jan D.
Perez, Esteban
Schlesinger, Larry S.
Azad, Abul K.
author_sort Simper, Jan D.
collection PubMed
description Tuberculosis (TB), caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), is responsible for >1.5 million deaths worldwide annually. Innate immune cells, especially macrophages, are the first to encounter M.tb, and their response dictates the course of infection. During infection, macrophages exert a variety of immune factors involved in either controlling or promoting the growth of M.tb. Research on this topic has been performed in both in vitro and in vivo animal models with discrepant results in some cases based on the model of study. Herein, we review macrophage resistance and susceptibility immune factors, focusing primarily on recent advances in the field. We include macrophage cellular pathways, bioeffector proteins and molecules, cytokines and chemokines, associated microbiological factors and bacterial strains, and host genetic factors in innate immune genes. Recent advances in mechanisms underlying macrophage resistance and susceptibility factors will aid in the successful development of host-directed therapeutics, a topic emphasized throughout this review.
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spelling pubmed-96116862022-10-28 Resistance and Susceptibility Immune Factors at Play during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection of Macrophages Simper, Jan D. Perez, Esteban Schlesinger, Larry S. Azad, Abul K. Pathogens Review Tuberculosis (TB), caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), is responsible for >1.5 million deaths worldwide annually. Innate immune cells, especially macrophages, are the first to encounter M.tb, and their response dictates the course of infection. During infection, macrophages exert a variety of immune factors involved in either controlling or promoting the growth of M.tb. Research on this topic has been performed in both in vitro and in vivo animal models with discrepant results in some cases based on the model of study. Herein, we review macrophage resistance and susceptibility immune factors, focusing primarily on recent advances in the field. We include macrophage cellular pathways, bioeffector proteins and molecules, cytokines and chemokines, associated microbiological factors and bacterial strains, and host genetic factors in innate immune genes. Recent advances in mechanisms underlying macrophage resistance and susceptibility factors will aid in the successful development of host-directed therapeutics, a topic emphasized throughout this review. MDPI 2022-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9611686/ /pubmed/36297211 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101153 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Simper, Jan D.
Perez, Esteban
Schlesinger, Larry S.
Azad, Abul K.
Resistance and Susceptibility Immune Factors at Play during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection of Macrophages
title Resistance and Susceptibility Immune Factors at Play during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection of Macrophages
title_full Resistance and Susceptibility Immune Factors at Play during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection of Macrophages
title_fullStr Resistance and Susceptibility Immune Factors at Play during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection of Macrophages
title_full_unstemmed Resistance and Susceptibility Immune Factors at Play during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection of Macrophages
title_short Resistance and Susceptibility Immune Factors at Play during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection of Macrophages
title_sort resistance and susceptibility immune factors at play during mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of macrophages
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36297211
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101153
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