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Strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application

Wheat crops are highly sensitive to high temperatures during their reproductive and grain-filling phases. We hypothesized that potassium could increase thermotolerance in wheat during grain filling by protecting cellular organelles, particularly chlorophyll, from heat injury. Two wheat genotypes, Uj...

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Autores principales: Sarwar, Muhammad, Saleem, Muhammad Farrukh, Maqsood, Hamza, Ullah, Najeeb, Khan, Aziz, Waqas, Muhammad, Sattar, Nimra, Tasneem, Muhammad, Xu, Xu, Zhangli, Hu, Shuang, Yang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36311143
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1005773
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author Sarwar, Muhammad
Saleem, Muhammad Farrukh
Maqsood, Hamza
Ullah, Najeeb
Khan, Aziz
Waqas, Muhammad
Sattar, Nimra
Tasneem, Muhammad
Xu, Xu
Zhangli, Hu
Shuang, Yang
author_facet Sarwar, Muhammad
Saleem, Muhammad Farrukh
Maqsood, Hamza
Ullah, Najeeb
Khan, Aziz
Waqas, Muhammad
Sattar, Nimra
Tasneem, Muhammad
Xu, Xu
Zhangli, Hu
Shuang, Yang
author_sort Sarwar, Muhammad
collection PubMed
description Wheat crops are highly sensitive to high temperatures during their reproductive and grain-filling phases. We hypothesized that potassium could increase thermotolerance in wheat during grain filling by protecting cellular organelles, particularly chlorophyll, from heat injury. Two wheat genotypes, Ujala-16 (relatively heat tolerant) and Anaj-17 (relatively susceptible) were grown in pots and were submitted to 4 and 8 days of heat stress under polythene sheets 1 week after anthesis. One day before the onset of heat stress, 2% potassium (K) as K(2)SO(4) was sprayed on all the plants. Flag leaves from both genotypes were collected after 4 and 8 days of heat stress. Leaf physiology changes were measured to quantify heat damage and to understand the K-induced recovery mechanism. The crop was harvested 125 days after sowing, and grain yield data were collected. Increasing duration of heat stress significantly impaired leaf physiology and grain yield of both studied wheat genotypes. Compared with control (under optimum temperature), 4 and 8 days heat-stressed plants produced 11 and 19% lesser grain yield per spike (averaged across genotypes and in the second years of study), respectively. Likewise, 4- and 8-days heat-stressed plants had 15 and 37% (averaged across genotypes and in the second years of study) lower flag leaf photosynthesis, respectively, compared with control plants. Across the genotypes, 8-days heat caused significantly more grain yield loss in Anaj-17 during the second year than in Ujala-16. Foliar K significantly restored leaf chlorophyll, Pn, Fv/Fm by reducing cellular membrane damage in the heat-stressed plants. This physiological recovery and activation of the plant defensive system by K under high-temperature stress protected the growth and grain development. For example, K(–)treated plants produced 19% higher 1,000 grain weight in 8 days of heat stress (across genotypes and in the second years of study) compared with water-treated plants under the hot environment of the respective thermal regime. Our study suggests that wheat performance under terminal heat stress can be improved through the exogenous application of K.
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spelling pubmed-96117772022-10-28 Strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application Sarwar, Muhammad Saleem, Muhammad Farrukh Maqsood, Hamza Ullah, Najeeb Khan, Aziz Waqas, Muhammad Sattar, Nimra Tasneem, Muhammad Xu, Xu Zhangli, Hu Shuang, Yang Front Plant Sci Plant Science Wheat crops are highly sensitive to high temperatures during their reproductive and grain-filling phases. We hypothesized that potassium could increase thermotolerance in wheat during grain filling by protecting cellular organelles, particularly chlorophyll, from heat injury. Two wheat genotypes, Ujala-16 (relatively heat tolerant) and Anaj-17 (relatively susceptible) were grown in pots and were submitted to 4 and 8 days of heat stress under polythene sheets 1 week after anthesis. One day before the onset of heat stress, 2% potassium (K) as K(2)SO(4) was sprayed on all the plants. Flag leaves from both genotypes were collected after 4 and 8 days of heat stress. Leaf physiology changes were measured to quantify heat damage and to understand the K-induced recovery mechanism. The crop was harvested 125 days after sowing, and grain yield data were collected. Increasing duration of heat stress significantly impaired leaf physiology and grain yield of both studied wheat genotypes. Compared with control (under optimum temperature), 4 and 8 days heat-stressed plants produced 11 and 19% lesser grain yield per spike (averaged across genotypes and in the second years of study), respectively. Likewise, 4- and 8-days heat-stressed plants had 15 and 37% (averaged across genotypes and in the second years of study) lower flag leaf photosynthesis, respectively, compared with control plants. Across the genotypes, 8-days heat caused significantly more grain yield loss in Anaj-17 during the second year than in Ujala-16. Foliar K significantly restored leaf chlorophyll, Pn, Fv/Fm by reducing cellular membrane damage in the heat-stressed plants. This physiological recovery and activation of the plant defensive system by K under high-temperature stress protected the growth and grain development. For example, K(–)treated plants produced 19% higher 1,000 grain weight in 8 days of heat stress (across genotypes and in the second years of study) compared with water-treated plants under the hot environment of the respective thermal regime. Our study suggests that wheat performance under terminal heat stress can be improved through the exogenous application of K. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9611777/ /pubmed/36311143 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1005773 Text en Copyright © 2022 Sarwar, Saleem, Maqsood, Ullah, Khan, Waqas, Sattar, Tasneem, Xu, Zhangli and Shuang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Sarwar, Muhammad
Saleem, Muhammad Farrukh
Maqsood, Hamza
Ullah, Najeeb
Khan, Aziz
Waqas, Muhammad
Sattar, Nimra
Tasneem, Muhammad
Xu, Xu
Zhangli, Hu
Shuang, Yang
Strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application
title Strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application
title_full Strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application
title_fullStr Strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application
title_full_unstemmed Strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application
title_short Strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application
title_sort strengthening leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation in heat-stressed wheat through potassium application
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36311143
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1005773
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