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An Unusual Resurgence of Human Metapneumovirus in Western Australia Following the Reduction of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission

Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission disrupted respiratory virus seasonality. We examined the unusual return of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in Western Australia following a period of absence in 2020. We analysed hMPV laboratory testing data from 1 January 2017 t...

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Autores principales: Foley, David Anthony, Sikazwe, Chisha T., Minney-Smith, Cara A., Ernst, Timo, Moore, Hannah C., Nicol, Mark P., Smith, David W., Levy, Avram, Blyth, Christopher C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612024/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298690
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102135
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author Foley, David Anthony
Sikazwe, Chisha T.
Minney-Smith, Cara A.
Ernst, Timo
Moore, Hannah C.
Nicol, Mark P.
Smith, David W.
Levy, Avram
Blyth, Christopher C.
author_facet Foley, David Anthony
Sikazwe, Chisha T.
Minney-Smith, Cara A.
Ernst, Timo
Moore, Hannah C.
Nicol, Mark P.
Smith, David W.
Levy, Avram
Blyth, Christopher C.
author_sort Foley, David Anthony
collection PubMed
description Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission disrupted respiratory virus seasonality. We examined the unusual return of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in Western Australia following a period of absence in 2020. We analysed hMPV laboratory testing data from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021. Whole-genome sequencing of selected hMPV-positive samples was performed using a tiled-amplicon approach. Following an absence in spring 2020, an unusual hMPV surge was observed during the wet summer season in the tropical Northern region in late 2020. Following a six-month delay, an intense winter season occurred in the subtropical/temperate Southern and Metropolitan regions. Compared to 2017–2019, hMPV incidence in 2021 increased by 3-fold, with a greater than 4-fold increase in children aged 1–4 years. There was a collapse in hMPV diversity in 2020, with the emergence of a single subtype. NPIs contributed to an absent 2020 season and a clonal hMPV resurgence. The summer surge and delayed winter season suggest that prevailing temperature and humidity are keys determinant of hMPV transmission. The increased incidence in 2021 was linked to an expanded cohort of hMPV-naïve 1–4-year-old children and waning population immunity. Further intense and unusual respiratory virus seasons are expected as COVID-19 associated NPIs are removed.
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spelling pubmed-96120242022-10-28 An Unusual Resurgence of Human Metapneumovirus in Western Australia Following the Reduction of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Foley, David Anthony Sikazwe, Chisha T. Minney-Smith, Cara A. Ernst, Timo Moore, Hannah C. Nicol, Mark P. Smith, David W. Levy, Avram Blyth, Christopher C. Viruses Article Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission disrupted respiratory virus seasonality. We examined the unusual return of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in Western Australia following a period of absence in 2020. We analysed hMPV laboratory testing data from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021. Whole-genome sequencing of selected hMPV-positive samples was performed using a tiled-amplicon approach. Following an absence in spring 2020, an unusual hMPV surge was observed during the wet summer season in the tropical Northern region in late 2020. Following a six-month delay, an intense winter season occurred in the subtropical/temperate Southern and Metropolitan regions. Compared to 2017–2019, hMPV incidence in 2021 increased by 3-fold, with a greater than 4-fold increase in children aged 1–4 years. There was a collapse in hMPV diversity in 2020, with the emergence of a single subtype. NPIs contributed to an absent 2020 season and a clonal hMPV resurgence. The summer surge and delayed winter season suggest that prevailing temperature and humidity are keys determinant of hMPV transmission. The increased incidence in 2021 was linked to an expanded cohort of hMPV-naïve 1–4-year-old children and waning population immunity. Further intense and unusual respiratory virus seasons are expected as COVID-19 associated NPIs are removed. MDPI 2022-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9612024/ /pubmed/36298690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102135 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Foley, David Anthony
Sikazwe, Chisha T.
Minney-Smith, Cara A.
Ernst, Timo
Moore, Hannah C.
Nicol, Mark P.
Smith, David W.
Levy, Avram
Blyth, Christopher C.
An Unusual Resurgence of Human Metapneumovirus in Western Australia Following the Reduction of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
title An Unusual Resurgence of Human Metapneumovirus in Western Australia Following the Reduction of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
title_full An Unusual Resurgence of Human Metapneumovirus in Western Australia Following the Reduction of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
title_fullStr An Unusual Resurgence of Human Metapneumovirus in Western Australia Following the Reduction of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
title_full_unstemmed An Unusual Resurgence of Human Metapneumovirus in Western Australia Following the Reduction of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
title_short An Unusual Resurgence of Human Metapneumovirus in Western Australia Following the Reduction of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
title_sort unusual resurgence of human metapneumovirus in western australia following the reduction of non-pharmaceutical interventions to prevent sars-cov-2 transmission
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612024/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298690
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102135
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