Covalent Organic Frameworks with Ionic Liquid-Moieties (ILCOFs): Structures, Synthesis, and CO(2) Conversion

CO(2), an acidic gas, is usually emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels and leads to the formation of acid rain and greenhouse effects. CO(2) can be used to produce kinds of value-added chemicals from a viewpoint based on carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). With the combination of unique structures and properties of ionic liquids (ILs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), covalent organic frameworks with ionic liquid-moieties (ILCOFs) have been developed as a kind of novel and efficient sorbent, catalyst, and electrolyte since 2016. In this critical review, we first focus on the structures and synthesis of different kinds of ILCOFs materials, including ILCOFs with IL moieties located on the main linkers, on the nodes, and on the side chains. We then discuss the ILCOFs for CO(2) capture and conversion, including the reduction and cycloaddition of CO(2). Finally, future directions and prospects for ILCOFs are outlined. This review is beneficial for academic researchers in obtaining an overall understanding of ILCOFs and their application of CO(2) conversion. This work will open a door to develop novel ILCOFs materials for the capture, separation, and utilization of other typical acid, basic, or neutral gases such as SO(2), H(2)S, NOx, NH(3), and so on.