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Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the Coronaviridae family, is the etiological agent of an acute and devastating enteric disease that causes moderate-to-high mortality in suckling piglets. The accurate and early detection of PEDV infection is essential for the prevention and contro...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612268/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36297131 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101074 |
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author | Olech, Monika |
author_facet | Olech, Monika |
author_sort | Olech, Monika |
collection | PubMed |
description | Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the Coronaviridae family, is the etiological agent of an acute and devastating enteric disease that causes moderate-to-high mortality in suckling piglets. The accurate and early detection of PEDV infection is essential for the prevention and control of the spread of the disease. Many molecular assays have been developed for the detection of PEDV, including reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays. Additionally, several serological methods have been developed and are widely used for the detection of antibodies against PEDV. Some of them, such as the immunochromatography assay, can generate results very quickly and in field conditions. Molecular assays detect viral RNA in clinical samples rapidly, and with high sensitivity and specificity. Serological assays can determine prior immune exposure to PEDV, can be used to monitor the efficacy of vaccination strategies and may help to predict the duration of immunity in piglets. However, they are less sensitive than nucleic acid-based detection methods. Sanger and next-generation sequencing (NGS) allow the analysis of PEDV cDNA or RNA sequences, and thus, provide highly specific results. Furthermore, NGS based on nonspecific DNA cleavage in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–Cas systems promise major advances in the diagnosis of PEDV infection. The objective of this paper was to summarize the current serological and molecular PEDV assays, highlight their diagnostic performance and emphasize the advantages and drawbacks of the application of individual tests. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9612268 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96122682022-10-28 Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Olech, Monika Pathogens Review Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the Coronaviridae family, is the etiological agent of an acute and devastating enteric disease that causes moderate-to-high mortality in suckling piglets. The accurate and early detection of PEDV infection is essential for the prevention and control of the spread of the disease. Many molecular assays have been developed for the detection of PEDV, including reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays. Additionally, several serological methods have been developed and are widely used for the detection of antibodies against PEDV. Some of them, such as the immunochromatography assay, can generate results very quickly and in field conditions. Molecular assays detect viral RNA in clinical samples rapidly, and with high sensitivity and specificity. Serological assays can determine prior immune exposure to PEDV, can be used to monitor the efficacy of vaccination strategies and may help to predict the duration of immunity in piglets. However, they are less sensitive than nucleic acid-based detection methods. Sanger and next-generation sequencing (NGS) allow the analysis of PEDV cDNA or RNA sequences, and thus, provide highly specific results. Furthermore, NGS based on nonspecific DNA cleavage in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–Cas systems promise major advances in the diagnosis of PEDV infection. The objective of this paper was to summarize the current serological and molecular PEDV assays, highlight their diagnostic performance and emphasize the advantages and drawbacks of the application of individual tests. MDPI 2022-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9612268/ /pubmed/36297131 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101074 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Olech, Monika Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus |
title | Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus |
title_full | Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus |
title_fullStr | Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus |
title_full_unstemmed | Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus |
title_short | Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus |
title_sort | current state of molecular and serological methods for detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612268/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36297131 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101074 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT olechmonika currentstateofmolecularandserologicalmethodsfordetectionofporcineepidemicdiarrheavirus |