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Genetic variation for effects of drought stress on yield formation traits among commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars adapted to Ontario, Canada

Drought stress significantly limits soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields in Ontario, Canada. Many studies of genetic variation for drought tolerance compare commercial lines with exotic, unadapted germplasm. We hypothesized that even current commercial cultivars adapted to Ontario would differ si...

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Autores principales: Gebre, Michael Gebretsadik, Rajcan, Istvan, Earl, Hugh James
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612836/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36311088
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1020944
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author Gebre, Michael Gebretsadik
Rajcan, Istvan
Earl, Hugh James
author_facet Gebre, Michael Gebretsadik
Rajcan, Istvan
Earl, Hugh James
author_sort Gebre, Michael Gebretsadik
collection PubMed
description Drought stress significantly limits soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields in Ontario, Canada. Many studies of genetic variation for drought tolerance compare commercial lines with exotic, unadapted germplasm. We hypothesized that even current commercial cultivars adapted to Ontario would differ significantly for traits related to drought tolerance. In a greenhouse experiment, we grew fifteen soybean cultivars in field soil amended with sand in 1-m rooting columns, which allowed for simulation of field-like soil water profiles and rooting depths. Two watering treatments were imposed from the first flower until maturity by daily restoration of soil water to either 100% (control), or 50% (drought stress) of the maximum soil water holding capacity. Throughout the experiment, we measured volumetric soil water content at different depths in the soil profile, but found no evidence at any developmental stage that the cultivars differed for their ability to extract soil water from different depths. Drought stress reduced seed yield by 51% on average. Similar to the effects of drought in the field, pod number was the yield component most affected, with effects on seeds per pod and single-seed weight being comparatively minor. There were significant cultivar × treatment interactions for seed yield, pod number, shoot dry matter, and water use. We identified two drought-sensitive (Saska and OAC Drayton) and three drought-tolerant (OAC Lakeview, OAC Champion, and PRO 2715R) cultivars based on their ratios of seed yield under drought stress to seed yield under control conditions (seed yield ratio, SYR). Regression and principal component analyses revealed that drought-tolerant (high-SYR) cultivars were consistently those that maintained relatively high values for water use, biomass accumulation and pod number under drought stress; high water use efficiency under drought stress was also associated with a high SYR. One of the cultivars, OAC Lakeview, displayed a distinct mode of drought tolerance, maintaining a very high fraction of its control pod number under drought stress. This study helps define the physiological basis of soybean cultivar differences in drought tolerance, and provides direction for soybean breeders to select traits that could improve yield under drought stress.
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spelling pubmed-96128362022-10-28 Genetic variation for effects of drought stress on yield formation traits among commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars adapted to Ontario, Canada Gebre, Michael Gebretsadik Rajcan, Istvan Earl, Hugh James Front Plant Sci Plant Science Drought stress significantly limits soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields in Ontario, Canada. Many studies of genetic variation for drought tolerance compare commercial lines with exotic, unadapted germplasm. We hypothesized that even current commercial cultivars adapted to Ontario would differ significantly for traits related to drought tolerance. In a greenhouse experiment, we grew fifteen soybean cultivars in field soil amended with sand in 1-m rooting columns, which allowed for simulation of field-like soil water profiles and rooting depths. Two watering treatments were imposed from the first flower until maturity by daily restoration of soil water to either 100% (control), or 50% (drought stress) of the maximum soil water holding capacity. Throughout the experiment, we measured volumetric soil water content at different depths in the soil profile, but found no evidence at any developmental stage that the cultivars differed for their ability to extract soil water from different depths. Drought stress reduced seed yield by 51% on average. Similar to the effects of drought in the field, pod number was the yield component most affected, with effects on seeds per pod and single-seed weight being comparatively minor. There were significant cultivar × treatment interactions for seed yield, pod number, shoot dry matter, and water use. We identified two drought-sensitive (Saska and OAC Drayton) and three drought-tolerant (OAC Lakeview, OAC Champion, and PRO 2715R) cultivars based on their ratios of seed yield under drought stress to seed yield under control conditions (seed yield ratio, SYR). Regression and principal component analyses revealed that drought-tolerant (high-SYR) cultivars were consistently those that maintained relatively high values for water use, biomass accumulation and pod number under drought stress; high water use efficiency under drought stress was also associated with a high SYR. One of the cultivars, OAC Lakeview, displayed a distinct mode of drought tolerance, maintaining a very high fraction of its control pod number under drought stress. This study helps define the physiological basis of soybean cultivar differences in drought tolerance, and provides direction for soybean breeders to select traits that could improve yield under drought stress. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9612836/ /pubmed/36311088 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1020944 Text en Copyright © 2022 Gebre, Rajcan and Earl https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Gebre, Michael Gebretsadik
Rajcan, Istvan
Earl, Hugh James
Genetic variation for effects of drought stress on yield formation traits among commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars adapted to Ontario, Canada
title Genetic variation for effects of drought stress on yield formation traits among commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars adapted to Ontario, Canada
title_full Genetic variation for effects of drought stress on yield formation traits among commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars adapted to Ontario, Canada
title_fullStr Genetic variation for effects of drought stress on yield formation traits among commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars adapted to Ontario, Canada
title_full_unstemmed Genetic variation for effects of drought stress on yield formation traits among commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars adapted to Ontario, Canada
title_short Genetic variation for effects of drought stress on yield formation traits among commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars adapted to Ontario, Canada
title_sort genetic variation for effects of drought stress on yield formation traits among commercial soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] cultivars adapted to ontario, canada
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612836/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36311088
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1020944
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