Cargando…
Training at moderate altitude improves submaximal but not maximal performance-related parameters in elite rowers
Maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O(2max)), physiological thresholds, and hemoglobin mass are strong predictors of endurance performance. High values of V̇O(2max), maximal aerobic power (MAP), and power output at anaerobic thresholds are key variables in elite rowers. Endurance athletes often use altitu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9614325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36311238 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.931325 |
_version_ | 1784820175697084416 |
---|---|
author | Cerda-Kohler, Hugo Haichelis, Danni Reuquén, Patricia Miarka, Bianca Homer, Mark Zapata-Gómez, Daniel Aedo-Muñoz, Esteban |
author_facet | Cerda-Kohler, Hugo Haichelis, Danni Reuquén, Patricia Miarka, Bianca Homer, Mark Zapata-Gómez, Daniel Aedo-Muñoz, Esteban |
author_sort | Cerda-Kohler, Hugo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O(2max)), physiological thresholds, and hemoglobin mass are strong predictors of endurance performance. High values of V̇O(2max), maximal aerobic power (MAP), and power output at anaerobic thresholds are key variables in elite rowers. Endurance athletes often use altitude training as a strategy to improve performance. However, no clear evidence exists that training at natural altitude enhances sea-level performance in elite rowers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of altitude training on rowing-performance parameters at sea level. The study was conducted on eleven rowers (Six females, five males) from the Chilean National Team during a 3-week moderate altitude training (∼2,900 m. a.s.l.) under the live high-train high (LHTH) model. It included a rowing ergometer maximal incremental test and blood analysis (pre and post-altitude). Gas exchange analysis was performed to measure V̇O(2max), ventilatory thresholds (VTs) and rowing economy/efficiency (ECR/GE%). LHTL training improves performance-related variables at sea level (V̇E(max): 3.3% (95% CI, 1.2–5.5); hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]): 4.3% (95% CI, 1.7–6.9); hematocrit (%): 4.5% (95% CI, 0.9–8.2); RBC (red blood cells) count: 5.3% (95% CI, 2.3–8.2); power at VT2: 6.9% (95% CI, 1.7–12.1), V̇E(VT2): 6.4% (95% CI, 0.4–12.4); power at VT1: 7.3% (95% CI, 1.3–13.3), V̇E(VT1): 8.7% (95% CI, 1.6–15.8)) and economy/efficiency-related variables (ECR(VT2): 5.3% (95% CI, −0.6 to −10.0); GE(%): 5.8% (95% CI, 0.8–10.7)). The LHTH training decreased breathing economy at MAP (−2.8% (95% CI, 0.1–5.6)), pVT2 (−9.3% (95% CI, −5.9 to −12.7)), and pVT1 (−9.3% (95% CI, −4.1 to −14.4)). Non-significant changes were found for V̇O(2max) and MAP. This study describes the effects of a 3-week moderate altitude (LHTH training) on performance and economy/efficiency-related variables in elite rowers, suggesting that it is an excellent option to induce positive adaptations related to endurance performance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9614325 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96143252022-10-29 Training at moderate altitude improves submaximal but not maximal performance-related parameters in elite rowers Cerda-Kohler, Hugo Haichelis, Danni Reuquén, Patricia Miarka, Bianca Homer, Mark Zapata-Gómez, Daniel Aedo-Muñoz, Esteban Front Physiol Physiology Maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O(2max)), physiological thresholds, and hemoglobin mass are strong predictors of endurance performance. High values of V̇O(2max), maximal aerobic power (MAP), and power output at anaerobic thresholds are key variables in elite rowers. Endurance athletes often use altitude training as a strategy to improve performance. However, no clear evidence exists that training at natural altitude enhances sea-level performance in elite rowers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of altitude training on rowing-performance parameters at sea level. The study was conducted on eleven rowers (Six females, five males) from the Chilean National Team during a 3-week moderate altitude training (∼2,900 m. a.s.l.) under the live high-train high (LHTH) model. It included a rowing ergometer maximal incremental test and blood analysis (pre and post-altitude). Gas exchange analysis was performed to measure V̇O(2max), ventilatory thresholds (VTs) and rowing economy/efficiency (ECR/GE%). LHTL training improves performance-related variables at sea level (V̇E(max): 3.3% (95% CI, 1.2–5.5); hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]): 4.3% (95% CI, 1.7–6.9); hematocrit (%): 4.5% (95% CI, 0.9–8.2); RBC (red blood cells) count: 5.3% (95% CI, 2.3–8.2); power at VT2: 6.9% (95% CI, 1.7–12.1), V̇E(VT2): 6.4% (95% CI, 0.4–12.4); power at VT1: 7.3% (95% CI, 1.3–13.3), V̇E(VT1): 8.7% (95% CI, 1.6–15.8)) and economy/efficiency-related variables (ECR(VT2): 5.3% (95% CI, −0.6 to −10.0); GE(%): 5.8% (95% CI, 0.8–10.7)). The LHTH training decreased breathing economy at MAP (−2.8% (95% CI, 0.1–5.6)), pVT2 (−9.3% (95% CI, −5.9 to −12.7)), and pVT1 (−9.3% (95% CI, −4.1 to −14.4)). Non-significant changes were found for V̇O(2max) and MAP. This study describes the effects of a 3-week moderate altitude (LHTH training) on performance and economy/efficiency-related variables in elite rowers, suggesting that it is an excellent option to induce positive adaptations related to endurance performance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9614325/ /pubmed/36311238 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.931325 Text en Copyright © 2022 Cerda-Kohler, Haichelis, Reuquén, Miarka, Homer, Zapata-Gómez and Aedo-Muñoz. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Cerda-Kohler, Hugo Haichelis, Danni Reuquén, Patricia Miarka, Bianca Homer, Mark Zapata-Gómez, Daniel Aedo-Muñoz, Esteban Training at moderate altitude improves submaximal but not maximal performance-related parameters in elite rowers |
title | Training at moderate altitude improves submaximal but not maximal performance-related parameters in elite rowers |
title_full | Training at moderate altitude improves submaximal but not maximal performance-related parameters in elite rowers |
title_fullStr | Training at moderate altitude improves submaximal but not maximal performance-related parameters in elite rowers |
title_full_unstemmed | Training at moderate altitude improves submaximal but not maximal performance-related parameters in elite rowers |
title_short | Training at moderate altitude improves submaximal but not maximal performance-related parameters in elite rowers |
title_sort | training at moderate altitude improves submaximal but not maximal performance-related parameters in elite rowers |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9614325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36311238 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.931325 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT cerdakohlerhugo trainingatmoderatealtitudeimprovessubmaximalbutnotmaximalperformancerelatedparametersineliterowers AT haichelisdanni trainingatmoderatealtitudeimprovessubmaximalbutnotmaximalperformancerelatedparametersineliterowers AT reuquenpatricia trainingatmoderatealtitudeimprovessubmaximalbutnotmaximalperformancerelatedparametersineliterowers AT miarkabianca trainingatmoderatealtitudeimprovessubmaximalbutnotmaximalperformancerelatedparametersineliterowers AT homermark trainingatmoderatealtitudeimprovessubmaximalbutnotmaximalperformancerelatedparametersineliterowers AT zapatagomezdaniel trainingatmoderatealtitudeimprovessubmaximalbutnotmaximalperformancerelatedparametersineliterowers AT aedomunozesteban trainingatmoderatealtitudeimprovessubmaximalbutnotmaximalperformancerelatedparametersineliterowers |