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Double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats

Urban areas differ from natural habitats in several environmental features that influence the characteristics of animals living there. For example, birds often start breeding seasonally earlier and fledge fewer offspring per brood in cities than in natural habitats. However, longer breeding seasons...

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Autores principales: Bukor, Boglárka, Seress, Gábor, Pipoly, Ivett, Sándor, Krisztina, Sinkovics, Csenge, Vincze, Ernő, Liker, András
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9616069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36324531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoab096
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author Bukor, Boglárka
Seress, Gábor
Pipoly, Ivett
Sándor, Krisztina
Sinkovics, Csenge
Vincze, Ernő
Liker, András
author_facet Bukor, Boglárka
Seress, Gábor
Pipoly, Ivett
Sándor, Krisztina
Sinkovics, Csenge
Vincze, Ernő
Liker, András
author_sort Bukor, Boglárka
collection PubMed
description Urban areas differ from natural habitats in several environmental features that influence the characteristics of animals living there. For example, birds often start breeding seasonally earlier and fledge fewer offspring per brood in cities than in natural habitats. However, longer breeding seasons in cities may increase the frequency of double-brooding in urban compared with nonurban populations, thus potentially increasing urban birds’ annual reproductive output and resulting in lower habitat difference in reproductive success than estimated by studies focusing on first clutches only. In this study, we investigated 2 urban and 2 forests great tit Parus major populations from 2013 to 2019. We compared the probability of double-brooding and the total number of annually fledged chicks per female between urban and forest habitats, while controlling for the effects of potentially confounding variables. There was a trend for a higher probability of double-brooding in urban (44% of females) than in forest populations (36%), although this was not consistent between the 2 urban sites. Females produced significantly fewer fledglings annually in the cities than in the forest sites, and this difference was present both within single- and double-brooded females. Furthermore, double-brooded urban females produced a similar number of fledglings per season as single-brooded forest females. These results indicate that double-brooding increases the reproductive success of female great tits in both habitats, but urban females cannot effectively compensate in this way for their lower reproductive output per brood. However, other mechanisms like increased post-fledging survival can mitigate habitat differences in reproductive success.
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spelling pubmed-96160692022-11-01 Double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats Bukor, Boglárka Seress, Gábor Pipoly, Ivett Sándor, Krisztina Sinkovics, Csenge Vincze, Ernő Liker, András Curr Zool Articles Urban areas differ from natural habitats in several environmental features that influence the characteristics of animals living there. For example, birds often start breeding seasonally earlier and fledge fewer offspring per brood in cities than in natural habitats. However, longer breeding seasons in cities may increase the frequency of double-brooding in urban compared with nonurban populations, thus potentially increasing urban birds’ annual reproductive output and resulting in lower habitat difference in reproductive success than estimated by studies focusing on first clutches only. In this study, we investigated 2 urban and 2 forests great tit Parus major populations from 2013 to 2019. We compared the probability of double-brooding and the total number of annually fledged chicks per female between urban and forest habitats, while controlling for the effects of potentially confounding variables. There was a trend for a higher probability of double-brooding in urban (44% of females) than in forest populations (36%), although this was not consistent between the 2 urban sites. Females produced significantly fewer fledglings annually in the cities than in the forest sites, and this difference was present both within single- and double-brooded females. Furthermore, double-brooded urban females produced a similar number of fledglings per season as single-brooded forest females. These results indicate that double-brooding increases the reproductive success of female great tits in both habitats, but urban females cannot effectively compensate in this way for their lower reproductive output per brood. However, other mechanisms like increased post-fledging survival can mitigate habitat differences in reproductive success. Oxford University Press 2021-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9616069/ /pubmed/36324531 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoab096 Text en © The Author(s) (2021). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Editorial Office, Current Zoology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Articles
Bukor, Boglárka
Seress, Gábor
Pipoly, Ivett
Sándor, Krisztina
Sinkovics, Csenge
Vincze, Ernő
Liker, András
Double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats
title Double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats
title_full Double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats
title_fullStr Double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats
title_full_unstemmed Double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats
title_short Double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats
title_sort double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9616069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36324531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoab096
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