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Entropy convergence in early bilinguals’ syntactic packaging
A core question in developmental and cognitive research concerns the way linguistic variation affects the acquisition process. Previous research on monolinguals suggests that children, but not adults, tend to regularize inconsistent input, resulting in reduced variation. Some recent claims explain r...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9616223/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36312066 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1010002 |
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author | Engemann, Helen |
author_facet | Engemann, Helen |
author_sort | Engemann, Helen |
collection | PubMed |
description | A core question in developmental and cognitive research concerns the way linguistic variation affects the acquisition process. Previous research on monolinguals suggests that children, but not adults, tend to regularize inconsistent input, resulting in reduced variation. Some recent claims explain regularization as a general bias linked to cognitive load. However, little is known about bilingual acquisition contexts where children naturally experience both increased variability and cognitive load. This study investigated the impact of between- and within-language variability in syntactic packaging (i.e., how semantic elements are mapped onto syntactic units) on simultaneous bilinguals’ acquisition of motion event encoding. In this domain, French is considered highly variable, in contrast to low variability demonstrated by English. Based on this crosslinguistic contrast, 96 English–French bilingual children (aged 4–11 years) and 96 age-matched monolinguals of each language described 32 animated cartoons showing complex motion events. Children’s variability of selected syntactic patterns was measured using the information-theoretical concept of entropy. Results indicated that bilingual children significantly reduced syntactic variation relative to monolingual peers, but only in French, the more variable language. Moreover, bilingual children converged in entropy levels across the two languages and patterned mid-way between respective monolinguals. These findings suggest that the cognitive load inherent in bilingualism is not sufficient to explain reduced linguistic variation. Instead, the asymmetric drop in entropy highlights the strong impact of crosslinguistic differences and thus underlines the importance of taking language-specific factors into account in theories of cognitive load. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9616223 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96162232022-10-29 Entropy convergence in early bilinguals’ syntactic packaging Engemann, Helen Front Psychol Psychology A core question in developmental and cognitive research concerns the way linguistic variation affects the acquisition process. Previous research on monolinguals suggests that children, but not adults, tend to regularize inconsistent input, resulting in reduced variation. Some recent claims explain regularization as a general bias linked to cognitive load. However, little is known about bilingual acquisition contexts where children naturally experience both increased variability and cognitive load. This study investigated the impact of between- and within-language variability in syntactic packaging (i.e., how semantic elements are mapped onto syntactic units) on simultaneous bilinguals’ acquisition of motion event encoding. In this domain, French is considered highly variable, in contrast to low variability demonstrated by English. Based on this crosslinguistic contrast, 96 English–French bilingual children (aged 4–11 years) and 96 age-matched monolinguals of each language described 32 animated cartoons showing complex motion events. Children’s variability of selected syntactic patterns was measured using the information-theoretical concept of entropy. Results indicated that bilingual children significantly reduced syntactic variation relative to monolingual peers, but only in French, the more variable language. Moreover, bilingual children converged in entropy levels across the two languages and patterned mid-way between respective monolinguals. These findings suggest that the cognitive load inherent in bilingualism is not sufficient to explain reduced linguistic variation. Instead, the asymmetric drop in entropy highlights the strong impact of crosslinguistic differences and thus underlines the importance of taking language-specific factors into account in theories of cognitive load. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9616223/ /pubmed/36312066 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1010002 Text en Copyright © 2022 Engemann. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Engemann, Helen Entropy convergence in early bilinguals’ syntactic packaging |
title | Entropy convergence in early bilinguals’ syntactic packaging |
title_full | Entropy convergence in early bilinguals’ syntactic packaging |
title_fullStr | Entropy convergence in early bilinguals’ syntactic packaging |
title_full_unstemmed | Entropy convergence in early bilinguals’ syntactic packaging |
title_short | Entropy convergence in early bilinguals’ syntactic packaging |
title_sort | entropy convergence in early bilinguals’ syntactic packaging |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9616223/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36312066 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1010002 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT engemannhelen entropyconvergenceinearlybilingualssyntacticpackaging |