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Environmental strigolactone drives early growth responses to neighboring plants and soil volume in pea
There has been a dramatic recent increase in the understanding of the mechanisms by which plants detect their neighbors,(1) including by touch,(2) reflected light,(3) volatile organic chemicals, and root exudates.(4)(,)(5) The importance of root exudates remains ill-defined because of confounding ex...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cell Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9616727/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35839764 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.063 |
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author | Wheeldon, Cara D. Hamon-Josse, Maxime Lund, Hannah Yoneyama, Kaori Bennett, Tom |
author_facet | Wheeldon, Cara D. Hamon-Josse, Maxime Lund, Hannah Yoneyama, Kaori Bennett, Tom |
author_sort | Wheeldon, Cara D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | There has been a dramatic recent increase in the understanding of the mechanisms by which plants detect their neighbors,(1) including by touch,(2) reflected light,(3) volatile organic chemicals, and root exudates.(4)(,)(5) The importance of root exudates remains ill-defined because of confounding experimental variables(6)(,)(7) and difficulties disentangling neighbor detection in shoot and roots.8, 9, 10 There is evidence that root exudates allow distinction between kin and non-kin neighbors,11, 12, 13 but identification of specific exudates that function in neighbor detection and/or kin recognition remain elusive.(1) Strigolactones (SLs), which are exuded into the soil in significant quantities in flowering plants to promote recruitment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF),(14) seem intuitive candidates to act as plant-plant signals, since they also act as hormones in plants,15, 16, 17 with dramatic effects on shoot growth(18)(,)(19) and milder effects on root development.(20) Here, using pea, we test whether SLs act as either cues or signals for neighbor detection. We show that peas detect neighbors early in the life cycle through their root systems, resulting in strong changes in shoot biomass and branching, and that this requires SL biosynthesis. We demonstrate that uptake and detection of SLs exuded by neighboring plants are needed for this early neighbor detection, and that plants that cannot exude SLs are outcompeted by neighboring plants and fail to adjust growth to their soil volume. We conclude that plants both exude SLs as signals to modulate neighbor growth and detect environmental SLs as a cue for neighbor presence; collectively, this allows plants to proactively adjust their shoot growth according to neighbor density. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9616727 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Cell Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96167272022-10-31 Environmental strigolactone drives early growth responses to neighboring plants and soil volume in pea Wheeldon, Cara D. Hamon-Josse, Maxime Lund, Hannah Yoneyama, Kaori Bennett, Tom Curr Biol Report There has been a dramatic recent increase in the understanding of the mechanisms by which plants detect their neighbors,(1) including by touch,(2) reflected light,(3) volatile organic chemicals, and root exudates.(4)(,)(5) The importance of root exudates remains ill-defined because of confounding experimental variables(6)(,)(7) and difficulties disentangling neighbor detection in shoot and roots.8, 9, 10 There is evidence that root exudates allow distinction between kin and non-kin neighbors,11, 12, 13 but identification of specific exudates that function in neighbor detection and/or kin recognition remain elusive.(1) Strigolactones (SLs), which are exuded into the soil in significant quantities in flowering plants to promote recruitment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF),(14) seem intuitive candidates to act as plant-plant signals, since they also act as hormones in plants,15, 16, 17 with dramatic effects on shoot growth(18)(,)(19) and milder effects on root development.(20) Here, using pea, we test whether SLs act as either cues or signals for neighbor detection. We show that peas detect neighbors early in the life cycle through their root systems, resulting in strong changes in shoot biomass and branching, and that this requires SL biosynthesis. We demonstrate that uptake and detection of SLs exuded by neighboring plants are needed for this early neighbor detection, and that plants that cannot exude SLs are outcompeted by neighboring plants and fail to adjust growth to their soil volume. We conclude that plants both exude SLs as signals to modulate neighbor growth and detect environmental SLs as a cue for neighbor presence; collectively, this allows plants to proactively adjust their shoot growth according to neighbor density. Cell Press 2022-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9616727/ /pubmed/35839764 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.063 Text en © 2022 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Report Wheeldon, Cara D. Hamon-Josse, Maxime Lund, Hannah Yoneyama, Kaori Bennett, Tom Environmental strigolactone drives early growth responses to neighboring plants and soil volume in pea |
title | Environmental strigolactone drives early growth responses to neighboring plants and soil volume in pea |
title_full | Environmental strigolactone drives early growth responses to neighboring plants and soil volume in pea |
title_fullStr | Environmental strigolactone drives early growth responses to neighboring plants and soil volume in pea |
title_full_unstemmed | Environmental strigolactone drives early growth responses to neighboring plants and soil volume in pea |
title_short | Environmental strigolactone drives early growth responses to neighboring plants and soil volume in pea |
title_sort | environmental strigolactone drives early growth responses to neighboring plants and soil volume in pea |
topic | Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9616727/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35839764 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.063 |
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