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Subtalar dislocation: a narrative review

BACKGROUND: Subtalar joint dislocation (1% of all dislocations) is the permanent loss of articular relationships in the talonavicular and talocalcaneal joints, without other involvement of the foot. Dislocation can occur medially (85%), laterally (15%), posteriorly (2.5%) and anteriorly (1%). Reduct...

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Autores principales: Lugani, G., Rigoni, M., Puddu, L., Santandrea, A., Perusi, F., Mercurio, D., Cont, F., Magnan, B., Cortese, F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Milan 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9617962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35435636
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12306-022-00746-x
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author Lugani, G.
Rigoni, M.
Puddu, L.
Santandrea, A.
Perusi, F.
Mercurio, D.
Cont, F.
Magnan, B.
Cortese, F.
author_facet Lugani, G.
Rigoni, M.
Puddu, L.
Santandrea, A.
Perusi, F.
Mercurio, D.
Cont, F.
Magnan, B.
Cortese, F.
author_sort Lugani, G.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Subtalar joint dislocation (1% of all dislocations) is the permanent loss of articular relationships in the talonavicular and talocalcaneal joints, without other involvement of the foot. Dislocation can occur medially (85%), laterally (15%), posteriorly (2.5%) and anteriorly (1%). Reduction can be performed by closed or open technique; lateral dislocations often require open reduction because of inclusion of soft tissues or bone fragments. Lateral dislocations are frequently complicated by bone exposure, risk of infection and associated soft tissues injuries. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study is to explain main characteristics and to clarify the most important pitfalls of subtalar dislocations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 47 articles published in the last thirty years (389 cases). For each dislocation we reviewed its main characteristics: direction, bone exposure, need for open reduction and for surgical stabilisation, associated injuries and method used for diagnosis. RESULTS: Medial dislocations (68.1%) has greater incidence compared to lateral ones (27.7%). Bone exposure (44.5%), associated lesions (44.5%) and need for surgical reduction (48.2%) are much more represented in lateral dislocation than in the others. CONCLUSIONS: Subtalar dislocations, especially the lateral one, represent a challenge for surgeons. Lateral subtalar dislocation occurs following high-energy trauma often involving associated injuries. Closed reduction could be unsuccessful and patients must undergo surgical reduction. After reduction CT scan is recommended. Our narrative review confirms these findings.
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spelling pubmed-96179622022-10-31 Subtalar dislocation: a narrative review Lugani, G. Rigoni, M. Puddu, L. Santandrea, A. Perusi, F. Mercurio, D. Cont, F. Magnan, B. Cortese, F. Musculoskelet Surg Review BACKGROUND: Subtalar joint dislocation (1% of all dislocations) is the permanent loss of articular relationships in the talonavicular and talocalcaneal joints, without other involvement of the foot. Dislocation can occur medially (85%), laterally (15%), posteriorly (2.5%) and anteriorly (1%). Reduction can be performed by closed or open technique; lateral dislocations often require open reduction because of inclusion of soft tissues or bone fragments. Lateral dislocations are frequently complicated by bone exposure, risk of infection and associated soft tissues injuries. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study is to explain main characteristics and to clarify the most important pitfalls of subtalar dislocations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 47 articles published in the last thirty years (389 cases). For each dislocation we reviewed its main characteristics: direction, bone exposure, need for open reduction and for surgical stabilisation, associated injuries and method used for diagnosis. RESULTS: Medial dislocations (68.1%) has greater incidence compared to lateral ones (27.7%). Bone exposure (44.5%), associated lesions (44.5%) and need for surgical reduction (48.2%) are much more represented in lateral dislocation than in the others. CONCLUSIONS: Subtalar dislocations, especially the lateral one, represent a challenge for surgeons. Lateral subtalar dislocation occurs following high-energy trauma often involving associated injuries. Closed reduction could be unsuccessful and patients must undergo surgical reduction. After reduction CT scan is recommended. Our narrative review confirms these findings. Springer Milan 2022-04-18 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9617962/ /pubmed/35435636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12306-022-00746-x Text en © The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review
Lugani, G.
Rigoni, M.
Puddu, L.
Santandrea, A.
Perusi, F.
Mercurio, D.
Cont, F.
Magnan, B.
Cortese, F.
Subtalar dislocation: a narrative review
title Subtalar dislocation: a narrative review
title_full Subtalar dislocation: a narrative review
title_fullStr Subtalar dislocation: a narrative review
title_full_unstemmed Subtalar dislocation: a narrative review
title_short Subtalar dislocation: a narrative review
title_sort subtalar dislocation: a narrative review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9617962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35435636
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12306-022-00746-x
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