Cargando…
MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs, with a length of about 18–22 nucleotides. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are derived from cells and play a vital role in the development of diseases and can be used as biomarkers for liquid biopsy, as they are the carriers of mi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9618890/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36324901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.948959 |
_version_ | 1784821153794097152 |
---|---|
author | Xu, Dongjie Di, Kaili Fan, Boyue Wu, Jie Gu, Xinrui Sun, Yifan Khan, Adeel Li, Peng Li, Zhiyang |
author_facet | Xu, Dongjie Di, Kaili Fan, Boyue Wu, Jie Gu, Xinrui Sun, Yifan Khan, Adeel Li, Peng Li, Zhiyang |
author_sort | Xu, Dongjie |
collection | PubMed |
description | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs, with a length of about 18–22 nucleotides. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are derived from cells and play a vital role in the development of diseases and can be used as biomarkers for liquid biopsy, as they are the carriers of miRNA. Existing studies have found that most of the functions of miRNA are mainly realized through intercellular transmission of EVs, which can protect and sort miRNAs. Meanwhile, detection sensitivity and specificity of EV-derived miRNA are higher than those of conventional serum biomarkers. In recent years, EVs have been expected to become a new marker for liquid biopsy. This review summarizes recent progress in several aspects of EVs, including sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, and technology for isolation of EVs and detection of EV-derived miRNAs. In addition, the study reviews challenges and future research avenues in the field of EVs, providing a basis for the application of EV-derived miRNAs as a disease marker to be used in clinical diagnosis and even for the development of point-of-care testing (POCT) platforms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9618890 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96188902022-11-01 MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology Xu, Dongjie Di, Kaili Fan, Boyue Wu, Jie Gu, Xinrui Sun, Yifan Khan, Adeel Li, Peng Li, Zhiyang Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs, with a length of about 18–22 nucleotides. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are derived from cells and play a vital role in the development of diseases and can be used as biomarkers for liquid biopsy, as they are the carriers of miRNA. Existing studies have found that most of the functions of miRNA are mainly realized through intercellular transmission of EVs, which can protect and sort miRNAs. Meanwhile, detection sensitivity and specificity of EV-derived miRNA are higher than those of conventional serum biomarkers. In recent years, EVs have been expected to become a new marker for liquid biopsy. This review summarizes recent progress in several aspects of EVs, including sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, and technology for isolation of EVs and detection of EV-derived miRNAs. In addition, the study reviews challenges and future research avenues in the field of EVs, providing a basis for the application of EV-derived miRNAs as a disease marker to be used in clinical diagnosis and even for the development of point-of-care testing (POCT) platforms. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9618890/ /pubmed/36324901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.948959 Text en Copyright © 2022 Xu, Di, Fan, Wu, Gu, Sun, Khan, Li and Li. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Bioengineering and Biotechnology Xu, Dongjie Di, Kaili Fan, Boyue Wu, Jie Gu, Xinrui Sun, Yifan Khan, Adeel Li, Peng Li, Zhiyang MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology |
title | MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology |
title_full | MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology |
title_fullStr | MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology |
title_full_unstemmed | MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology |
title_short | MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology |
title_sort | micrornas in extracellular vesicles: sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology |
topic | Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9618890/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36324901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.948959 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT xudongjie micrornasinextracellularvesiclessortingmechanismsdiagnosticvalueisolationanddetectiontechnology AT dikaili micrornasinextracellularvesiclessortingmechanismsdiagnosticvalueisolationanddetectiontechnology AT fanboyue micrornasinextracellularvesiclessortingmechanismsdiagnosticvalueisolationanddetectiontechnology AT wujie micrornasinextracellularvesiclessortingmechanismsdiagnosticvalueisolationanddetectiontechnology AT guxinrui micrornasinextracellularvesiclessortingmechanismsdiagnosticvalueisolationanddetectiontechnology AT sunyifan micrornasinextracellularvesiclessortingmechanismsdiagnosticvalueisolationanddetectiontechnology AT khanadeel micrornasinextracellularvesiclessortingmechanismsdiagnosticvalueisolationanddetectiontechnology AT lipeng micrornasinextracellularvesiclessortingmechanismsdiagnosticvalueisolationanddetectiontechnology AT lizhiyang micrornasinextracellularvesiclessortingmechanismsdiagnosticvalueisolationanddetectiontechnology |