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Six-month humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV

Longitudinal humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccines among people living with HIV (PLWH) have not yet been systematically investigated. We conducted a 6-month longitudinal study among vaccinated PLWH and HIV-Negative Controls (HNC) to determine whether the humoral immune response ef...

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Autores principales: Zou, Shi, Guo, Wei, Wu, Songjie, Ming, Fangzhao, Tan, Yuting, Wu, Mengmeng, Tang, Weiming, Liang, Ke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9618892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36325346
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.988304
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author Zou, Shi
Guo, Wei
Wu, Songjie
Ming, Fangzhao
Tan, Yuting
Wu, Mengmeng
Tang, Weiming
Liang, Ke
author_facet Zou, Shi
Guo, Wei
Wu, Songjie
Ming, Fangzhao
Tan, Yuting
Wu, Mengmeng
Tang, Weiming
Liang, Ke
author_sort Zou, Shi
collection PubMed
description Longitudinal humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccines among people living with HIV (PLWH) have not yet been systematically investigated. We conducted a 6-month longitudinal study among vaccinated PLWH and HIV-Negative Controls (HNC) to determine whether the humoral immune response effects of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine are different between the two groups of people. Totally, 46 PLWH and 38 HNC who received the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine on days 0 and 28 were enrolled. The SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and total specific IgM and IgG antibodies were examined on Day 0-Day190. The level and positive seroconversion rate of nAbs peaked on Day 42 in HNC while peaked on Day 70 in PLWH, then decreased gradually with the extension of the vaccination period after the peaks. The peak level of nAbs in PLWH on Day 70, (GMC 8.07 BAU/mL, 95% CI 5.67-11.48) was significantly lower than in HNC on Day 42 (GMC 18.28 BAU/mL, 95% CI 10.33-32.33, P =0.03). The decrease in the geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) of nAbs was observed as 42.9% in PLWH after peak level, which decreased from 8.07 BAU/mL [95% CI: 5.67-11.48] on Day 70 to 4.61 BAU/mL [95% CI: 3.35-6.34] on Day 190 (p = 0.02). On Day 190, only seven (18%, [95% CI: 6-40]) HNC and five (11%, [95% CI: 4-25]) PLWH maintained positive nAbs response respectively. The geometric mean ELISA units (GMEUs) and positive seroconversion rate of IgG in PLWH dropped significantly from Day 70 (GMEUs, 0.20 EU/mL, [95% CI: 0.13-0.34]; seroconversion, 52%, [95% CI: 34-69]) to Day 190 (GMEUs, 0.05 EU/mL, [95% CI: 0.03-0.08], P<0.001; seroconversion, 18%, [95% CI: 8-33], P<0.001). There was no significant difference in levels and seroconversion rates of nAbs and IgG between the two groups on Day 190. The peak immunogenicity of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was delayed and inferior in PLWH compared to HNC, while no significant difference was found in six-month immunogenicity between the two groups.
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spelling pubmed-96188922022-11-01 Six-month humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV Zou, Shi Guo, Wei Wu, Songjie Ming, Fangzhao Tan, Yuting Wu, Mengmeng Tang, Weiming Liang, Ke Front Immunol Immunology Longitudinal humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccines among people living with HIV (PLWH) have not yet been systematically investigated. We conducted a 6-month longitudinal study among vaccinated PLWH and HIV-Negative Controls (HNC) to determine whether the humoral immune response effects of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine are different between the two groups of people. Totally, 46 PLWH and 38 HNC who received the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine on days 0 and 28 were enrolled. The SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and total specific IgM and IgG antibodies were examined on Day 0-Day190. The level and positive seroconversion rate of nAbs peaked on Day 42 in HNC while peaked on Day 70 in PLWH, then decreased gradually with the extension of the vaccination period after the peaks. The peak level of nAbs in PLWH on Day 70, (GMC 8.07 BAU/mL, 95% CI 5.67-11.48) was significantly lower than in HNC on Day 42 (GMC 18.28 BAU/mL, 95% CI 10.33-32.33, P =0.03). The decrease in the geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) of nAbs was observed as 42.9% in PLWH after peak level, which decreased from 8.07 BAU/mL [95% CI: 5.67-11.48] on Day 70 to 4.61 BAU/mL [95% CI: 3.35-6.34] on Day 190 (p = 0.02). On Day 190, only seven (18%, [95% CI: 6-40]) HNC and five (11%, [95% CI: 4-25]) PLWH maintained positive nAbs response respectively. The geometric mean ELISA units (GMEUs) and positive seroconversion rate of IgG in PLWH dropped significantly from Day 70 (GMEUs, 0.20 EU/mL, [95% CI: 0.13-0.34]; seroconversion, 52%, [95% CI: 34-69]) to Day 190 (GMEUs, 0.05 EU/mL, [95% CI: 0.03-0.08], P<0.001; seroconversion, 18%, [95% CI: 8-33], P<0.001). There was no significant difference in levels and seroconversion rates of nAbs and IgG between the two groups on Day 190. The peak immunogenicity of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was delayed and inferior in PLWH compared to HNC, while no significant difference was found in six-month immunogenicity between the two groups. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9618892/ /pubmed/36325346 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.988304 Text en Copyright © 2022 Zou, Guo, Wu, Ming, Tan, Wu, Tang and Liang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Zou, Shi
Guo, Wei
Wu, Songjie
Ming, Fangzhao
Tan, Yuting
Wu, Mengmeng
Tang, Weiming
Liang, Ke
Six-month humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV
title Six-month humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV
title_full Six-month humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV
title_fullStr Six-month humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV
title_full_unstemmed Six-month humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV
title_short Six-month humoral immune response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV
title_sort six-month humoral immune response to inactivated covid-19 vaccine among people living with hiv
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9618892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36325346
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.988304
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