Cargando…
Camallanid nematodes from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Crocodile River, Gauteng, South Africa: Exploring diversity and divergence in an acid-mine drainage impacted environment
Clarias gariepinus collected from Lake Heritage, Crocodile River, were found to harbour camallanid nematodes. Previously, Boomker (1982) surveyed the Hartbeespoort Dam, downstream of the current study site, and identified a high prevalence of Procamallanus (Procamallanus) laeviconchus and Paracamall...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9619150/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36324823 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.09.007 |
_version_ | 1784821213191733248 |
---|---|
author | Nofal, Ashlee P. Dos Santos, Quinton M. Jirsa, Franz Avenant-Oldewage, Annemariè |
author_facet | Nofal, Ashlee P. Dos Santos, Quinton M. Jirsa, Franz Avenant-Oldewage, Annemariè |
author_sort | Nofal, Ashlee P. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Clarias gariepinus collected from Lake Heritage, Crocodile River, were found to harbour camallanid nematodes. Previously, Boomker (1982) surveyed the Hartbeespoort Dam, downstream of the current study site, and identified a high prevalence of Procamallanus (Procamallanus) laeviconchus and Paracamallanus cyathopharynx. Since then, Procamallanus (Procamallanus) pseudolaeviconchus was described from C. gariepinus suggesting reconsideration of the identifications of Procamallanus species in historical studies from clariids. The aim of the current study was to definitively identify the nematodes collected from C. gariepinus in Lake Heritage, using morphological and molecular analyses. Morphological study consisted of light and scanning electron microscopy which confirmed the identity P. (P.) pseudolaeviconchus and P. cyathopharynx. This included descriptions of the detailed morphology of isolated buccal capsules for both species using soft tissue digestion, notably for the first time for P. (P.) pseudolaeviconchus. The morphology of isolated spiculae of both species was described for the first time using SEM. Molecular analyses included genetic characterisation of the small ribosomal subunit (18S) rDNA and cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) mtDNA. Genetic data supported the morphological identification of both species, however, divergence was detected in CO1 mtDNA data for P. cyathopharynx indicating two distinct lineages. Due to this variation, the morphometry of P. cyathopharynx specimens were revisited including statistical re-evaluation. No robust morphological traits were identified to support CO1 mtDNA lineages and all specimens were considered conspecific. In terms of camallanid biodiversity in the Crocodile River system, it is similar to that in Boomker (1982), despite the altered water quality from past acid mine pollution in the river. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9619150 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96191502022-11-01 Camallanid nematodes from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Crocodile River, Gauteng, South Africa: Exploring diversity and divergence in an acid-mine drainage impacted environment Nofal, Ashlee P. Dos Santos, Quinton M. Jirsa, Franz Avenant-Oldewage, Annemariè Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl Article Clarias gariepinus collected from Lake Heritage, Crocodile River, were found to harbour camallanid nematodes. Previously, Boomker (1982) surveyed the Hartbeespoort Dam, downstream of the current study site, and identified a high prevalence of Procamallanus (Procamallanus) laeviconchus and Paracamallanus cyathopharynx. Since then, Procamallanus (Procamallanus) pseudolaeviconchus was described from C. gariepinus suggesting reconsideration of the identifications of Procamallanus species in historical studies from clariids. The aim of the current study was to definitively identify the nematodes collected from C. gariepinus in Lake Heritage, using morphological and molecular analyses. Morphological study consisted of light and scanning electron microscopy which confirmed the identity P. (P.) pseudolaeviconchus and P. cyathopharynx. This included descriptions of the detailed morphology of isolated buccal capsules for both species using soft tissue digestion, notably for the first time for P. (P.) pseudolaeviconchus. The morphology of isolated spiculae of both species was described for the first time using SEM. Molecular analyses included genetic characterisation of the small ribosomal subunit (18S) rDNA and cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) mtDNA. Genetic data supported the morphological identification of both species, however, divergence was detected in CO1 mtDNA data for P. cyathopharynx indicating two distinct lineages. Due to this variation, the morphometry of P. cyathopharynx specimens were revisited including statistical re-evaluation. No robust morphological traits were identified to support CO1 mtDNA lineages and all specimens were considered conspecific. In terms of camallanid biodiversity in the Crocodile River system, it is similar to that in Boomker (1982), despite the altered water quality from past acid mine pollution in the river. Elsevier 2022-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9619150/ /pubmed/36324823 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.09.007 Text en © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nofal, Ashlee P. Dos Santos, Quinton M. Jirsa, Franz Avenant-Oldewage, Annemariè Camallanid nematodes from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Crocodile River, Gauteng, South Africa: Exploring diversity and divergence in an acid-mine drainage impacted environment |
title | Camallanid nematodes from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Crocodile River, Gauteng, South Africa: Exploring diversity and divergence in an acid-mine drainage impacted environment |
title_full | Camallanid nematodes from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Crocodile River, Gauteng, South Africa: Exploring diversity and divergence in an acid-mine drainage impacted environment |
title_fullStr | Camallanid nematodes from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Crocodile River, Gauteng, South Africa: Exploring diversity and divergence in an acid-mine drainage impacted environment |
title_full_unstemmed | Camallanid nematodes from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Crocodile River, Gauteng, South Africa: Exploring diversity and divergence in an acid-mine drainage impacted environment |
title_short | Camallanid nematodes from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Crocodile River, Gauteng, South Africa: Exploring diversity and divergence in an acid-mine drainage impacted environment |
title_sort | camallanid nematodes from clarias gariepinus (burchell, 1822) in the crocodile river, gauteng, south africa: exploring diversity and divergence in an acid-mine drainage impacted environment |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9619150/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36324823 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.09.007 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT nofalashleep camallanidnematodesfromclariasgariepinusburchell1822inthecrocodilerivergautengsouthafricaexploringdiversityanddivergenceinanacidminedrainageimpactedenvironment AT dossantosquintonm camallanidnematodesfromclariasgariepinusburchell1822inthecrocodilerivergautengsouthafricaexploringdiversityanddivergenceinanacidminedrainageimpactedenvironment AT jirsafranz camallanidnematodesfromclariasgariepinusburchell1822inthecrocodilerivergautengsouthafricaexploringdiversityanddivergenceinanacidminedrainageimpactedenvironment AT avenantoldewageannemarie camallanidnematodesfromclariasgariepinusburchell1822inthecrocodilerivergautengsouthafricaexploringdiversityanddivergenceinanacidminedrainageimpactedenvironment |