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Update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most frequent chronic liver disease worldwide. Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is suggested to replace the nomenclature of NAFLD. For individuals with metabolic dysfunction, multiple NAFLD-related factors also co...

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Autores principales: Zhu, Xiaopeng, Xia, Mingfeng, Gao, Xin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9619279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36325500
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20420188221132138
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author Zhu, Xiaopeng
Xia, Mingfeng
Gao, Xin
author_facet Zhu, Xiaopeng
Xia, Mingfeng
Gao, Xin
author_sort Zhu, Xiaopeng
collection PubMed
description Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most frequent chronic liver disease worldwide. Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is suggested to replace the nomenclature of NAFLD. For individuals with metabolic dysfunction, multiple NAFLD-related factors also contribute to the development and progression of MAFLD including genetics and epigenetics. The application of genome-wide association study (GWAS) and exome-wide association study (EWAS) uncovers single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MAFLD. In addition to the classic SNPs in PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and GCKR, some new SNPs have been found recently to contribute to the pathogenesis of liver steatosis. Epigenetic factors involving DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs regulations, and RNA methylation also play a critical role in MAFLD. DNA methylation is the most reported epigenetic modification. Developing a non-invasion biomarker to distinguish metabolic steatohepatitis (MASH) or liver fibrosis is ongoing. In this review, we summarized and discussed the latest progress in genetic and epigenetic factors of NAFLD/MAFLD, in order to provide potential clues for MAFLD treatment.
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spelling pubmed-96192792022-11-01 Update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease Zhu, Xiaopeng Xia, Mingfeng Gao, Xin Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab New Insights in MAFLD Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most frequent chronic liver disease worldwide. Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is suggested to replace the nomenclature of NAFLD. For individuals with metabolic dysfunction, multiple NAFLD-related factors also contribute to the development and progression of MAFLD including genetics and epigenetics. The application of genome-wide association study (GWAS) and exome-wide association study (EWAS) uncovers single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MAFLD. In addition to the classic SNPs in PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and GCKR, some new SNPs have been found recently to contribute to the pathogenesis of liver steatosis. Epigenetic factors involving DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs regulations, and RNA methylation also play a critical role in MAFLD. DNA methylation is the most reported epigenetic modification. Developing a non-invasion biomarker to distinguish metabolic steatohepatitis (MASH) or liver fibrosis is ongoing. In this review, we summarized and discussed the latest progress in genetic and epigenetic factors of NAFLD/MAFLD, in order to provide potential clues for MAFLD treatment. SAGE Publications 2022-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9619279/ /pubmed/36325500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20420188221132138 Text en © The Author(s), 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle New Insights in MAFLD
Zhu, Xiaopeng
Xia, Mingfeng
Gao, Xin
Update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease
title Update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease
title_full Update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease
title_fullStr Update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease
title_full_unstemmed Update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease
title_short Update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease
title_sort update on genetics and epigenetics in metabolic associated fatty liver disease
topic New Insights in MAFLD
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9619279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36325500
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20420188221132138
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