Our clinical experience and follow-up results in hydatid cyst cases: a review of 393 patients from a single center

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The aim of our study is to present the clinical features of the patients who were treated for hydatid cyst, determine the interventional techniques and anesthesia methods used and review the occurred complications in detail. METHODS: This study included 393 patients who were followed up and/or treated with the diagnosis of hydatid cyst between January 2013 and November 2018. The patients’ data was evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 31.0 ± 17.2 years. Of the patients, 111 (28.4%) had more than one cyst and 36 (9.2%) patients had multi-organ involvement. Six of the patients refused the intervention or was transferred to another hospital. Among the remaining 387 patients, 335 (85.2%) received general anesthesia and intubation, 9 patients (2.3%) received general anesthesia and laryngeal mask airway, 39 patients (9.9%) received sedoanalgesia and 4 patients (1%) received regional anesthesia. Perioperative mortality was developed in one patient. The most common periopertaive complication was allergic reaction (1.5%), whereas the most common post-operative complications were atelectasis (3.3%) and biliary fistula (3%). The mean Intensive Care Unit stay (ICU) was 1.9 ± 1.1 days in patients requiring ICU. Recurrence during the 40 ± 17 months follow-up occurred in 8.4% patients. CONCLUSIONS: Anesthesiologists have an important role in the management of hydatid cyst patients. Patients should be evaluated exhaustively in terms of multi-organ involvement and the presence of more than one cyst in the same organ. The type of treatment procedure and the localization of the cysts determine the anesthetic management.