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Impairments in goal-directed action and reversal learning in a proportion of individuals with psychosis
Cognitive impairment in psychosis is one of the strongest predictors of functional decline. Problems with decision-making processes, such as goal-directed action and reversal learning, can reflect cortico-striatal dysfunction. The heterogenous symptoms and neurobiology observed in those with psychos...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9622547/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35915336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-022-01026-8 |
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author | Suetani, Shuichi Baker, Andrea Garner, Kelly Cosgrove, Peter Mackay-Sim, Matilda Siskind, Dan Murray, Graham K Scott, James G Kesby, James P. |
author_facet | Suetani, Shuichi Baker, Andrea Garner, Kelly Cosgrove, Peter Mackay-Sim, Matilda Siskind, Dan Murray, Graham K Scott, James G Kesby, James P. |
author_sort | Suetani, Shuichi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cognitive impairment in psychosis is one of the strongest predictors of functional decline. Problems with decision-making processes, such as goal-directed action and reversal learning, can reflect cortico-striatal dysfunction. The heterogenous symptoms and neurobiology observed in those with psychosis suggests that specific cognitive phenotypes may reflect differing causative mechanisms. As such, decision-making performance could identify subgroups of individuals with more severe cortico-striatal dysfunction and help to predict their functional decline. The present work evaluated the relationship between goal-directed action, reversal learning, and symptom profiles in those with psychosis. We assessed decision-making processes in healthy controls (N = 34) and those with persistent psychosis (N = 45), subclassifying subjects based on intact/impaired goal-directed action. Compared with healthy controls (<20%), a large proportion (58%) of those with persistent psychosis displayed impaired goal-directed action, predicting poor serial reversal learning performance. Computational approaches indicated that those with impaired goal-directed action had a decreased capacity to rapidly update their prior beliefs in the face of changing contingencies. Impaired decision-making also was associated with reduced levels of grandiosity and increased problems with abstract thinking. These findings suggest that prominent decision-making deficits, indicative of cortico-striatal dysfunction, are present in a large proportion of people with persistent psychosis. Moreover, these impairments would have significant functional implications in terms of planning and abstract thinking. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.3758/s13415-022-01026-8. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9622547 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96225472022-11-02 Impairments in goal-directed action and reversal learning in a proportion of individuals with psychosis Suetani, Shuichi Baker, Andrea Garner, Kelly Cosgrove, Peter Mackay-Sim, Matilda Siskind, Dan Murray, Graham K Scott, James G Kesby, James P. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci Research Article Cognitive impairment in psychosis is one of the strongest predictors of functional decline. Problems with decision-making processes, such as goal-directed action and reversal learning, can reflect cortico-striatal dysfunction. The heterogenous symptoms and neurobiology observed in those with psychosis suggests that specific cognitive phenotypes may reflect differing causative mechanisms. As such, decision-making performance could identify subgroups of individuals with more severe cortico-striatal dysfunction and help to predict their functional decline. The present work evaluated the relationship between goal-directed action, reversal learning, and symptom profiles in those with psychosis. We assessed decision-making processes in healthy controls (N = 34) and those with persistent psychosis (N = 45), subclassifying subjects based on intact/impaired goal-directed action. Compared with healthy controls (<20%), a large proportion (58%) of those with persistent psychosis displayed impaired goal-directed action, predicting poor serial reversal learning performance. Computational approaches indicated that those with impaired goal-directed action had a decreased capacity to rapidly update their prior beliefs in the face of changing contingencies. Impaired decision-making also was associated with reduced levels of grandiosity and increased problems with abstract thinking. These findings suggest that prominent decision-making deficits, indicative of cortico-striatal dysfunction, are present in a large proportion of people with persistent psychosis. Moreover, these impairments would have significant functional implications in terms of planning and abstract thinking. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.3758/s13415-022-01026-8. Springer US 2022-08-02 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9622547/ /pubmed/35915336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-022-01026-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Article Suetani, Shuichi Baker, Andrea Garner, Kelly Cosgrove, Peter Mackay-Sim, Matilda Siskind, Dan Murray, Graham K Scott, James G Kesby, James P. Impairments in goal-directed action and reversal learning in a proportion of individuals with psychosis |
title | Impairments in goal-directed action and reversal learning in a proportion of individuals with psychosis |
title_full | Impairments in goal-directed action and reversal learning in a proportion of individuals with psychosis |
title_fullStr | Impairments in goal-directed action and reversal learning in a proportion of individuals with psychosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Impairments in goal-directed action and reversal learning in a proportion of individuals with psychosis |
title_short | Impairments in goal-directed action and reversal learning in a proportion of individuals with psychosis |
title_sort | impairments in goal-directed action and reversal learning in a proportion of individuals with psychosis |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9622547/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35915336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-022-01026-8 |
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