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RF12 | PSUN118 Diet Quality and Energy Intake Mediate the Association of Food Insecurity with Adiposity
Food insecurity, the lack of consistent access to sufficient food for an active and healthy life, is associated with lower diet quality, higher BMI and adiposity, and poor metabolic health. Although lower diet quality is assumed to be responsible for the impact of food insecurity on adiposity, this...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9624779/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.064 |
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author | Morselli, Lisa James, Roland Kidambi, Srividya |
author_facet | Morselli, Lisa James, Roland Kidambi, Srividya |
author_sort | Morselli, Lisa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Food insecurity, the lack of consistent access to sufficient food for an active and healthy life, is associated with lower diet quality, higher BMI and adiposity, and poor metabolic health. Although lower diet quality is assumed to be responsible for the impact of food insecurity on adiposity, this hypothesis has not been previously investigated. To test the hypothesis that diet quality mediates the association of food insecurity with adiposity, we used data from the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, age ≥18 years, n=5821, weighted N=233,636,542). Anthropometrics included BMI, waist circumference and fat mass (measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry and expressed as percentage of total body weight). Food insecurity was assessed with the 10-item NHANES Food Security Survey Module and defined as ≥3 affirmative responses. Nutrition information was derived from 24h food recalls obtained on 2 separate occasions. Diet quality was estimated by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI), which includes a total score for overall diet quality, and sub-scores for several dietary components. Mediation analysis was conducted with the Baron and Kenny approach. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The cohort included 52% women, 11% non-Hispanic Black and 15% Hispanic participants. Eighteen percent were food insecure. They reported a lower energy intake compared to food secure participants, although the difference was not significant after adjusting for demographics and income (difference [95% confidence interval] -84 [-207.36, 38.91] kcal/day, p=0.15). Total HEI and fruit scores were lower in food insecure individuals, suggesting lower diet quality (adjusted difference -1.70 [-3.09, -0.32], p=0.03; and -0.28 [-0.53, -0.02], p=0.04, respectively). Obesity was 22% more prevalent in food insecure individuals (p<0.01). Fat mass and waist circumference were also higher in individuals with food insecurity (adjusted difference 0.95 [0.19, 1.7] %, p=0.02; and 3.81 [1.3, 6.31] cm, p=0.01, respectively). Mediation analysis revealed that total energy intake mediated the effect of food insecurity on fat mass but not BMI or waist circumference, while total HEI partially mediated the effect of food insecurity on waist circumference but not BMI or percent fat mass. No mediation of total fruit score on BMI or adiposity was observed. In summary, our results confirm a greater prevalence of obesity and higher adiposity in food insecure individuals, despite a similar reported energy intake compared to food secure individuals. Energy intake and measures of diet quality appear to mediate some of the effect of food insecurity on overall and central adiposity, but not on BMI. This suggests that other factors, including the social determinants of health, may also play a role. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:18 p.m. - 1:23 p.m., Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9624779 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96247792022-11-14 RF12 | PSUN118 Diet Quality and Energy Intake Mediate the Association of Food Insecurity with Adiposity Morselli, Lisa James, Roland Kidambi, Srividya J Endocr Soc Adipose Tissue, Appetite, & Obesity Food insecurity, the lack of consistent access to sufficient food for an active and healthy life, is associated with lower diet quality, higher BMI and adiposity, and poor metabolic health. Although lower diet quality is assumed to be responsible for the impact of food insecurity on adiposity, this hypothesis has not been previously investigated. To test the hypothesis that diet quality mediates the association of food insecurity with adiposity, we used data from the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, age ≥18 years, n=5821, weighted N=233,636,542). Anthropometrics included BMI, waist circumference and fat mass (measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry and expressed as percentage of total body weight). Food insecurity was assessed with the 10-item NHANES Food Security Survey Module and defined as ≥3 affirmative responses. Nutrition information was derived from 24h food recalls obtained on 2 separate occasions. Diet quality was estimated by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI), which includes a total score for overall diet quality, and sub-scores for several dietary components. Mediation analysis was conducted with the Baron and Kenny approach. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The cohort included 52% women, 11% non-Hispanic Black and 15% Hispanic participants. Eighteen percent were food insecure. They reported a lower energy intake compared to food secure participants, although the difference was not significant after adjusting for demographics and income (difference [95% confidence interval] -84 [-207.36, 38.91] kcal/day, p=0.15). Total HEI and fruit scores were lower in food insecure individuals, suggesting lower diet quality (adjusted difference -1.70 [-3.09, -0.32], p=0.03; and -0.28 [-0.53, -0.02], p=0.04, respectively). Obesity was 22% more prevalent in food insecure individuals (p<0.01). Fat mass and waist circumference were also higher in individuals with food insecurity (adjusted difference 0.95 [0.19, 1.7] %, p=0.02; and 3.81 [1.3, 6.31] cm, p=0.01, respectively). Mediation analysis revealed that total energy intake mediated the effect of food insecurity on fat mass but not BMI or waist circumference, while total HEI partially mediated the effect of food insecurity on waist circumference but not BMI or percent fat mass. No mediation of total fruit score on BMI or adiposity was observed. In summary, our results confirm a greater prevalence of obesity and higher adiposity in food insecure individuals, despite a similar reported energy intake compared to food secure individuals. Energy intake and measures of diet quality appear to mediate some of the effect of food insecurity on overall and central adiposity, but not on BMI. This suggests that other factors, including the social determinants of health, may also play a role. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:18 p.m. - 1:23 p.m., Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. Oxford University Press 2022-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9624779/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.064 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Adipose Tissue, Appetite, & Obesity Morselli, Lisa James, Roland Kidambi, Srividya RF12 | PSUN118 Diet Quality and Energy Intake Mediate the Association of Food Insecurity with Adiposity |
title | RF12 | PSUN118 Diet Quality and Energy Intake Mediate the Association of Food Insecurity with Adiposity |
title_full | RF12 | PSUN118 Diet Quality and Energy Intake Mediate the Association of Food Insecurity with Adiposity |
title_fullStr | RF12 | PSUN118 Diet Quality and Energy Intake Mediate the Association of Food Insecurity with Adiposity |
title_full_unstemmed | RF12 | PSUN118 Diet Quality and Energy Intake Mediate the Association of Food Insecurity with Adiposity |
title_short | RF12 | PSUN118 Diet Quality and Energy Intake Mediate the Association of Food Insecurity with Adiposity |
title_sort | rf12 | psun118 diet quality and energy intake mediate the association of food insecurity with adiposity |
topic | Adipose Tissue, Appetite, & Obesity |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9624779/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.064 |
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