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Nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, transmission and lung injury in the Syrian hamster model

Recently, a new variant lineage of SARS-CoV-2, namely Omicron, became the dominant global circulating strain. The multiple antigenic mutations of Omicron largely decrease the efficiency of current vaccines and neutralizing antibodies, which highlights the need for more potent and reachable medical c...

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Autores principales: Yuan, Lunzhi, Zhu, Huachen, Zhou, Ming, Ma, Jian, Liu, Xuan, Wu, Kun, Ye, Jianghui, Yu, Huan, Chen, Peiwen, Chen, Rirong, Wang, Jia, Zhang, Yali, Ge, Shengxiang, Yuan, Quan, Cheng, Tong, Guan, Yi, Xia, Ningshao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9625844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36338435
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105475
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author Yuan, Lunzhi
Zhu, Huachen
Zhou, Ming
Ma, Jian
Liu, Xuan
Wu, Kun
Ye, Jianghui
Yu, Huan
Chen, Peiwen
Chen, Rirong
Wang, Jia
Zhang, Yali
Ge, Shengxiang
Yuan, Quan
Cheng, Tong
Guan, Yi
Xia, Ningshao
author_facet Yuan, Lunzhi
Zhu, Huachen
Zhou, Ming
Ma, Jian
Liu, Xuan
Wu, Kun
Ye, Jianghui
Yu, Huan
Chen, Peiwen
Chen, Rirong
Wang, Jia
Zhang, Yali
Ge, Shengxiang
Yuan, Quan
Cheng, Tong
Guan, Yi
Xia, Ningshao
author_sort Yuan, Lunzhi
collection PubMed
description Recently, a new variant lineage of SARS-CoV-2, namely Omicron, became the dominant global circulating strain. The multiple antigenic mutations of Omicron largely decrease the efficiency of current vaccines and neutralizing antibodies, which highlights the need for more potent and reachable medical countermeasures. Here, we hypothesize that direct viral clearance by nasal irrigation might be a convenient and alternative option, and perform proof-of-concept experiments in the Syrian hamster model. Interestingly, Omicron shows a different dynamic in the changes of viral RNA, viral titers, and proinflammatory cytokines in nasal rinsing samples when compared with the prototype. Meanwhile, the levels of viral load and proinflammatory cytokines in nasal rinsing samples can indicate the severity of lung injury. Of note, daily nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates inflammation and lung injury in Omicron-infected hamsters by decreasing the viral loads in the respiratory tract organs. Moreover, daily nasal irrigation effectively suppresses viral transmission by close contact.
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spelling pubmed-96258442022-11-02 Nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, transmission and lung injury in the Syrian hamster model Yuan, Lunzhi Zhu, Huachen Zhou, Ming Ma, Jian Liu, Xuan Wu, Kun Ye, Jianghui Yu, Huan Chen, Peiwen Chen, Rirong Wang, Jia Zhang, Yali Ge, Shengxiang Yuan, Quan Cheng, Tong Guan, Yi Xia, Ningshao iScience Article Recently, a new variant lineage of SARS-CoV-2, namely Omicron, became the dominant global circulating strain. The multiple antigenic mutations of Omicron largely decrease the efficiency of current vaccines and neutralizing antibodies, which highlights the need for more potent and reachable medical countermeasures. Here, we hypothesize that direct viral clearance by nasal irrigation might be a convenient and alternative option, and perform proof-of-concept experiments in the Syrian hamster model. Interestingly, Omicron shows a different dynamic in the changes of viral RNA, viral titers, and proinflammatory cytokines in nasal rinsing samples when compared with the prototype. Meanwhile, the levels of viral load and proinflammatory cytokines in nasal rinsing samples can indicate the severity of lung injury. Of note, daily nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates inflammation and lung injury in Omicron-infected hamsters by decreasing the viral loads in the respiratory tract organs. Moreover, daily nasal irrigation effectively suppresses viral transmission by close contact. Elsevier 2022-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9625844/ /pubmed/36338435 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105475 Text en © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yuan, Lunzhi
Zhu, Huachen
Zhou, Ming
Ma, Jian
Liu, Xuan
Wu, Kun
Ye, Jianghui
Yu, Huan
Chen, Peiwen
Chen, Rirong
Wang, Jia
Zhang, Yali
Ge, Shengxiang
Yuan, Quan
Cheng, Tong
Guan, Yi
Xia, Ningshao
Nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, transmission and lung injury in the Syrian hamster model
title Nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, transmission and lung injury in the Syrian hamster model
title_full Nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, transmission and lung injury in the Syrian hamster model
title_fullStr Nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, transmission and lung injury in the Syrian hamster model
title_full_unstemmed Nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, transmission and lung injury in the Syrian hamster model
title_short Nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, transmission and lung injury in the Syrian hamster model
title_sort nasal irrigation efficiently attenuates sars-cov-2 omicron infection, transmission and lung injury in the syrian hamster model
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9625844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36338435
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105475
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