Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of amniotic membrane with collagen membrane along with demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects – A clinico-radiographic study

CONTEXT: The use of human-derived amniotic barrier membranes in regenerative procedures along with allograft like demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) has displayed promising outcomes. AIMS: The objective of the current research was to clinically and radiographically evaluate and compare amniotic membrane (AM) and collagen membrane (CM) in combination with open flap debridement (OFD) along with DFDBA in the management of human periodontal intrabony defects. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The present research-based study was a randomized controlled clinical trial of 6 months duration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of twenty chronic periodontitis patients with intrabony defects were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 treated with OFD + DFDBA + AM and Group 2 with OFD + DFDBA + CM. Clinical parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket probing depth (PPD), and relative attachment level were recorded and evaluated at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. The relative intrabony defect component level (rIBD) was recorded at baseline and after 6 months employing a millimeter X-ray grid. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: For comparison of clinical parameters and radiographic parameters at various intervals unpaired t-test, repeated measures ANOVA test, and paired t-test were used. The P value was taken statistically significant when less than 0.05 (P < 0.05). RESULTS: A statistically significant difference in PI, GI, PPD, and RAL for both the groups were found on intragroup comparison between baseline, 3 months, and 6 months (P < 0.05). On intragroup comparison, the difference in mean rIBD was statistically significant from baseline to 6 months. However, for all the clinical and radiographic parameters, no statistically significant difference was noted between both the groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the treatment of intrabony defects AM being an allograft can be considered an alternative novel membrane for regenerative procedures.