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Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR-based analyses of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae)

RT-qPCR remains a vital approach for molecular biology studies aimed at quantifying gene expression in a range of physiological or pathological settings. However, the use of appropriate reference genes is essential to attain meaningful RT-qPCR results. Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helic...

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Autores principales: Liu, Zixin, Xiao, Junjiang, Xia, Yue, Wu, Qifeng, Zhao, Can, Li, Dunsong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9626802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36338494
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1046204
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author Liu, Zixin
Xiao, Junjiang
Xia, Yue
Wu, Qifeng
Zhao, Can
Li, Dunsong
author_facet Liu, Zixin
Xiao, Junjiang
Xia, Yue
Wu, Qifeng
Zhao, Can
Li, Dunsong
author_sort Liu, Zixin
collection PubMed
description RT-qPCR remains a vital approach for molecular biology studies aimed at quantifying gene expression in a range of physiological or pathological settings. However, the use of appropriate reference genes is essential to attain meaningful RT-qPCR results. Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae) is an important egg parasitoid wasp and natural enemy of fruit bugs and forest caterpillars. While recent transcriptomic studies have analyzed gene expression profiles in A. japonicus specimens, offering a robust foundation for functional research focused on this parasitoid, no validated A. japonicus reference genes have yet been established, hampering further research efforts. Accordingly, this study sought to address this issue by screening for the most stable internal reference genes in A. japonicus samples to permit reliable RT-qPCR analyses. The utility of eight candidate reference genes (ACTIN, TATA, GAPDH, TUB, RPL13, RPS6, EF1α, RPS3a) was assessed under four different conditions by comparing developmental stages (larvae, pupae, adults), tissues (abdomen, chest, head), sex (male or female adults), or diapause states (diapause induction for 25, 35, 45, or 55 days, or diapause termination). RefFinder was used to calculate gene stability based on the integration of four algorithms (BestKeeper, Normfinder, geNorm, and ΔCt method) to determine the optimal RT-qPCR reference gene. Based on this approach, RPS6 and RPL13 were found to be the most reliable reference genes when assessing different stages of development, while ACTIN and EF1α were optimal when comparing adults of different sexes, RPL13 and EF1α were optimal when analyzing different tissues, and TATA and ACTIN were optimal for different diapause states. These results provide a valuable foundation for future RT-qPCR analyses of A. japonicus gene expression and function under a range of experimental conditions.
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spelling pubmed-96268022022-11-03 Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR-based analyses of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae) Liu, Zixin Xiao, Junjiang Xia, Yue Wu, Qifeng Zhao, Can Li, Dunsong Front Physiol Physiology RT-qPCR remains a vital approach for molecular biology studies aimed at quantifying gene expression in a range of physiological or pathological settings. However, the use of appropriate reference genes is essential to attain meaningful RT-qPCR results. Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae) is an important egg parasitoid wasp and natural enemy of fruit bugs and forest caterpillars. While recent transcriptomic studies have analyzed gene expression profiles in A. japonicus specimens, offering a robust foundation for functional research focused on this parasitoid, no validated A. japonicus reference genes have yet been established, hampering further research efforts. Accordingly, this study sought to address this issue by screening for the most stable internal reference genes in A. japonicus samples to permit reliable RT-qPCR analyses. The utility of eight candidate reference genes (ACTIN, TATA, GAPDH, TUB, RPL13, RPS6, EF1α, RPS3a) was assessed under four different conditions by comparing developmental stages (larvae, pupae, adults), tissues (abdomen, chest, head), sex (male or female adults), or diapause states (diapause induction for 25, 35, 45, or 55 days, or diapause termination). RefFinder was used to calculate gene stability based on the integration of four algorithms (BestKeeper, Normfinder, geNorm, and ΔCt method) to determine the optimal RT-qPCR reference gene. Based on this approach, RPS6 and RPL13 were found to be the most reliable reference genes when assessing different stages of development, while ACTIN and EF1α were optimal when comparing adults of different sexes, RPL13 and EF1α were optimal when analyzing different tissues, and TATA and ACTIN were optimal for different diapause states. These results provide a valuable foundation for future RT-qPCR analyses of A. japonicus gene expression and function under a range of experimental conditions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9626802/ /pubmed/36338494 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1046204 Text en Copyright © 2022 Liu, Xiao, Xia, Wu, Zhao and Li. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Liu, Zixin
Xiao, Junjiang
Xia, Yue
Wu, Qifeng
Zhao, Can
Li, Dunsong
Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR-based analyses of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae)
title Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR-based analyses of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae)
title_full Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR-based analyses of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae)
title_fullStr Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR-based analyses of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae)
title_full_unstemmed Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR-based analyses of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae)
title_short Selection and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR-based analyses of Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Helicopteridae)
title_sort selection and validation of reference genes for rt-qpcr-based analyses of anastatus japonicus ashmead (hymenoptera: helicopteridae)
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9626802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36338494
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1046204
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