Effect of Hip Joint Center on Multi‐body Dynamics and Contact Mechanics of Hip Arthroplasty for Crowe IV Dysplasia

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hip joint forces, Von Mises stress, contact pressure and micro‐motion of hip prosthesis for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) patients under different hip joint centers using musculoskeletal (MSK) multi‐body dynamics and finite element analysis. METHODS: Both MSK multi‐body dynamics model and finite element (FE) model were based on CT data of a young female DDH patient with total hip replacement and were developed to study the biomechanics of the S‐ROM hip prosthesis. The same offset of hip joint center along all six orientations compared with the standard position was set to predict its effects on both MSK multi‐body dynamics and contact mechanics during one gait cycle. RESULTS: The hip joint forces in the entire walking gait cycle showed two peak values and clear differences between them under different hip joint centers. The hip joint force increased when the hip joint center moved posteriorly (2101 N) and laterally (1969 N) to the anatomical center (1848 N) at the first peak by 13.7% and 6.6%, respectively. The hip joint force increased sharply when the hip center deviated laterally (2115 N) and anteriorly (2407 N), respectively, from the standard position (1742 N) at the second peak. For the sleeve of the S‐ROM prosthesis, the maximum Von Mises stress and contact pressure of the sleeve increased if the hip joint center deviated from the anatomical center posteriorly at the first peak. However, the Von Mises stresses and contact pressure increased at anterior and lateral orientations, compared to that of the standard position at the second peak. Small changes were observed for the maximum relative sliding distance along most of the orientations at both peaks except in the lateral and medial orientations, in which an increase of 8.6% and a decrease of 13.6% were observed, respectively. CONCLUSION: The hip joint center obviously influenced the hip joint forces, stress, contact pressure and micro‐motion of the hip implant for this female patient.