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Knowledge gaps and future directions in cognitive functions in children and adolescents with primary arterial hypertension: A systematic review

Arterial hypertension (AH) among adults is known to be associated with worse cognitive outcomes. Similarly, children and adolescents with AH could be expected to underperform during neuropsychological evaluations when compared with healthy peers. Our aims were to review the existing literature on co...

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Autores principales: Lucas, Ignacio, Puteikis, Kristijonas, Sinha, Manish D., Litwin, Mieczysław, Merkevicius, Kajus, Azukaitis, Karolis, Rus, Rina, Pac, Michał, Obrycki, Lukasz, Bårdsen, Tonje, Śladowska-Kozłowska, Joanna, Sagsak, Elif, Lurbe, Empar, Jiménez-Murcia, Susana, Jankauskiene, Augustina, Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9631488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36337900
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.973793
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author Lucas, Ignacio
Puteikis, Kristijonas
Sinha, Manish D.
Litwin, Mieczysław
Merkevicius, Kajus
Azukaitis, Karolis
Rus, Rina
Pac, Michał
Obrycki, Lukasz
Bårdsen, Tonje
Śladowska-Kozłowska, Joanna
Sagsak, Elif
Lurbe, Empar
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Jankauskiene, Augustina
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
author_facet Lucas, Ignacio
Puteikis, Kristijonas
Sinha, Manish D.
Litwin, Mieczysław
Merkevicius, Kajus
Azukaitis, Karolis
Rus, Rina
Pac, Michał
Obrycki, Lukasz
Bårdsen, Tonje
Śladowska-Kozłowska, Joanna
Sagsak, Elif
Lurbe, Empar
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Jankauskiene, Augustina
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
author_sort Lucas, Ignacio
collection PubMed
description Arterial hypertension (AH) among adults is known to be associated with worse cognitive outcomes. Similarly, children and adolescents with AH could be expected to underperform during neuropsychological evaluations when compared with healthy peers. Our aims were to review the existing literature on cognitive functioning among children and adolescents with primary AH and to identify what additional evidence may be needed to substantiate the impact of hypertension on poor cognitive outcomes in this population. We conducted a systematic review of articles in PubMed and Web of Science published before 17 January 2022, reporting on cognitive testing among children and adolescents with primary AH. From 1,316 records, 13 were included in the review—7 used battery-testing while other employed indirect measures of cognitive functions. Most of the studies reported worse results among individuals with AH. Results of two prospective trials suggested that cognitive functioning may improve after starting antihypertensive treatment. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was shown to be more strongly related to cognitive testing results than office measures of blood pressure. Significant confounders, namely obesity and sleep apnea, were identified throughout the studies. Our review indicates that evidence relating AH with poor cognitive functioning among youth is usually based on indirect measures of executive functions (e.g., questionnaires) rather than objective neuropsychological tests. Future prospective trials set to test different cognitive domains in children and adolescents undergoing treatment for AH are endorsed and should consider using standardized neuropsychological batteries as well as adjust the assessing results for obesity and sleep disorders.
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spelling pubmed-96314882022-11-04 Knowledge gaps and future directions in cognitive functions in children and adolescents with primary arterial hypertension: A systematic review Lucas, Ignacio Puteikis, Kristijonas Sinha, Manish D. Litwin, Mieczysław Merkevicius, Kajus Azukaitis, Karolis Rus, Rina Pac, Michał Obrycki, Lukasz Bårdsen, Tonje Śladowska-Kozłowska, Joanna Sagsak, Elif Lurbe, Empar Jiménez-Murcia, Susana Jankauskiene, Augustina Fernández-Aranda, Fernando Front Cardiovasc Med Cardiovascular Medicine Arterial hypertension (AH) among adults is known to be associated with worse cognitive outcomes. Similarly, children and adolescents with AH could be expected to underperform during neuropsychological evaluations when compared with healthy peers. Our aims were to review the existing literature on cognitive functioning among children and adolescents with primary AH and to identify what additional evidence may be needed to substantiate the impact of hypertension on poor cognitive outcomes in this population. We conducted a systematic review of articles in PubMed and Web of Science published before 17 January 2022, reporting on cognitive testing among children and adolescents with primary AH. From 1,316 records, 13 were included in the review—7 used battery-testing while other employed indirect measures of cognitive functions. Most of the studies reported worse results among individuals with AH. Results of two prospective trials suggested that cognitive functioning may improve after starting antihypertensive treatment. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was shown to be more strongly related to cognitive testing results than office measures of blood pressure. Significant confounders, namely obesity and sleep apnea, were identified throughout the studies. Our review indicates that evidence relating AH with poor cognitive functioning among youth is usually based on indirect measures of executive functions (e.g., questionnaires) rather than objective neuropsychological tests. Future prospective trials set to test different cognitive domains in children and adolescents undergoing treatment for AH are endorsed and should consider using standardized neuropsychological batteries as well as adjust the assessing results for obesity and sleep disorders. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9631488/ /pubmed/36337900 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.973793 Text en Copyright © 2022 Lucas, Puteikis, Sinha, Litwin, Merkevicius, Azukaitis, Rus, Pac, Obrycki, Bårdsen, Śladowska-Kozłowska, Sagsak, Lurbe, Jiménez-Murcia, Jankauskiene and Fernández-Aranda. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cardiovascular Medicine
Lucas, Ignacio
Puteikis, Kristijonas
Sinha, Manish D.
Litwin, Mieczysław
Merkevicius, Kajus
Azukaitis, Karolis
Rus, Rina
Pac, Michał
Obrycki, Lukasz
Bårdsen, Tonje
Śladowska-Kozłowska, Joanna
Sagsak, Elif
Lurbe, Empar
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Jankauskiene, Augustina
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
Knowledge gaps and future directions in cognitive functions in children and adolescents with primary arterial hypertension: A systematic review
title Knowledge gaps and future directions in cognitive functions in children and adolescents with primary arterial hypertension: A systematic review
title_full Knowledge gaps and future directions in cognitive functions in children and adolescents with primary arterial hypertension: A systematic review
title_fullStr Knowledge gaps and future directions in cognitive functions in children and adolescents with primary arterial hypertension: A systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Knowledge gaps and future directions in cognitive functions in children and adolescents with primary arterial hypertension: A systematic review
title_short Knowledge gaps and future directions in cognitive functions in children and adolescents with primary arterial hypertension: A systematic review
title_sort knowledge gaps and future directions in cognitive functions in children and adolescents with primary arterial hypertension: a systematic review
topic Cardiovascular Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9631488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36337900
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.973793
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