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Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data

BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth, which is a global phenomenon, is attributable to the increased medical indications, artificial gestations, and some socioeconomic factors. This study was conducted to identify whether development and equality indices are associated with the inc...

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Autores principales: Montemor, Marina Sanches, Demarque, Gabriella Ferreira, Rodrigues, Agatha Sacramento, Francisco, Rossana Pulcinelli Vieira, de Carvalho, Mario Henrique Burlacchini
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9632029/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36329411
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14376-2
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author Montemor, Marina Sanches
Demarque, Gabriella Ferreira
Rodrigues, Agatha Sacramento
Francisco, Rossana Pulcinelli Vieira
de Carvalho, Mario Henrique Burlacchini
author_facet Montemor, Marina Sanches
Demarque, Gabriella Ferreira
Rodrigues, Agatha Sacramento
Francisco, Rossana Pulcinelli Vieira
de Carvalho, Mario Henrique Burlacchini
author_sort Montemor, Marina Sanches
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth, which is a global phenomenon, is attributable to the increased medical indications, artificial gestations, and some socioeconomic factors. This study was conducted to identify whether development and equality indices are associated with the incidence of preterm birth, specifically, spontaneous and elective preterm births. METHODS: This retrospective observational study comprised an analysis of data on live births from 2019 in Brazil and on socioeconomic indices that were derived from census information in 2017. Data were summarised using absolute and relative frequencies. Spearman’s correlation was used to determine the correlation between socioeconomic factors and the preterm birth rate. Multiple beta regression analysis was performed to determine the best model of socioeconomic covariates and preterm birth rate. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: In 2019 in Brazil, the preterm birth rate was 11.03%, of which 58% and 42% were spontaneous and elective deliveries, respectively. For all preterm births, Spearman’s correlation varied from ρ = 0.4 for the Gini Index and ρ =  − 0.24 for illiteracy. The best fit modelled the spontaneous preterm birth fraction as a negative function of the Human Development Index (HDI). The best-fit model considered the expected elective preterm birth fraction as a positive function of the HDI and as a negative function of the Gini Index, which was used as a precision parameter. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a reduction in the fraction of spontaneous preterm births; however, the distribution was not uniform in the territory: higher rates of spontaneous preterm birth were noticed in the north, northeast, and mid-west regions. Thus, areas with lower education levels and inequal income distribution have a higher proportion of spontaneous preterm birth. The fraction of elective preterm birth was positively associated with more advantaged indices of socioeconomic status. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14376-2.
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spelling pubmed-96320292022-11-04 Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data Montemor, Marina Sanches Demarque, Gabriella Ferreira Rodrigues, Agatha Sacramento Francisco, Rossana Pulcinelli Vieira de Carvalho, Mario Henrique Burlacchini BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth, which is a global phenomenon, is attributable to the increased medical indications, artificial gestations, and some socioeconomic factors. This study was conducted to identify whether development and equality indices are associated with the incidence of preterm birth, specifically, spontaneous and elective preterm births. METHODS: This retrospective observational study comprised an analysis of data on live births from 2019 in Brazil and on socioeconomic indices that were derived from census information in 2017. Data were summarised using absolute and relative frequencies. Spearman’s correlation was used to determine the correlation between socioeconomic factors and the preterm birth rate. Multiple beta regression analysis was performed to determine the best model of socioeconomic covariates and preterm birth rate. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: In 2019 in Brazil, the preterm birth rate was 11.03%, of which 58% and 42% were spontaneous and elective deliveries, respectively. For all preterm births, Spearman’s correlation varied from ρ = 0.4 for the Gini Index and ρ =  − 0.24 for illiteracy. The best fit modelled the spontaneous preterm birth fraction as a negative function of the Human Development Index (HDI). The best-fit model considered the expected elective preterm birth fraction as a positive function of the HDI and as a negative function of the Gini Index, which was used as a precision parameter. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a reduction in the fraction of spontaneous preterm births; however, the distribution was not uniform in the territory: higher rates of spontaneous preterm birth were noticed in the north, northeast, and mid-west regions. Thus, areas with lower education levels and inequal income distribution have a higher proportion of spontaneous preterm birth. The fraction of elective preterm birth was positively associated with more advantaged indices of socioeconomic status. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14376-2. BioMed Central 2022-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9632029/ /pubmed/36329411 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14376-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Montemor, Marina Sanches
Demarque, Gabriella Ferreira
Rodrigues, Agatha Sacramento
Francisco, Rossana Pulcinelli Vieira
de Carvalho, Mario Henrique Burlacchini
Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data
title Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data
title_full Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data
title_fullStr Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data
title_full_unstemmed Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data
title_short Association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data
title_sort association between preterm births and socioeconomic development: analysis of national data
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9632029/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36329411
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14376-2
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