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The evolution of manipulative cheating
A social cheat is typically assumed to be an individual that does not perform a cooperative behaviour, or performs less of it, but can still exploit the cooperative behaviour of others. However, empirical data suggests that cheating can be more subtle, involving evolutionary arms races over the abil...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9633066/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36193888 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.80611 |
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author | Liu, Ming West, Stuart Andrew Wild, Geoff |
author_facet | Liu, Ming West, Stuart Andrew Wild, Geoff |
author_sort | Liu, Ming |
collection | PubMed |
description | A social cheat is typically assumed to be an individual that does not perform a cooperative behaviour, or performs less of it, but can still exploit the cooperative behaviour of others. However, empirical data suggests that cheating can be more subtle, involving evolutionary arms races over the ability to both exploit and resist exploitation. These complications have not been captured by evolutionary theory, which lags behind empirical studies in this area. We bridge this gap with a mixture of game-theoretical models and individual-based simulations, examining what conditions favour more elaborate patterns of cheating. We found that as well as adjusting their own behaviour, individuals can be selected to manipulate the behaviour of others, which we term ‘manipulative cheating’. Further, we found that manipulative cheating can lead to dynamic oscillations (arms races), between selfishness, manipulation, and suppression of manipulation. Our results can help explain both variation in the level of cheating, and genetic variation in the extent to which individuals can be exploited by cheats. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9633066 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96330662022-11-04 The evolution of manipulative cheating Liu, Ming West, Stuart Andrew Wild, Geoff eLife Evolutionary Biology A social cheat is typically assumed to be an individual that does not perform a cooperative behaviour, or performs less of it, but can still exploit the cooperative behaviour of others. However, empirical data suggests that cheating can be more subtle, involving evolutionary arms races over the ability to both exploit and resist exploitation. These complications have not been captured by evolutionary theory, which lags behind empirical studies in this area. We bridge this gap with a mixture of game-theoretical models and individual-based simulations, examining what conditions favour more elaborate patterns of cheating. We found that as well as adjusting their own behaviour, individuals can be selected to manipulate the behaviour of others, which we term ‘manipulative cheating’. Further, we found that manipulative cheating can lead to dynamic oscillations (arms races), between selfishness, manipulation, and suppression of manipulation. Our results can help explain both variation in the level of cheating, and genetic variation in the extent to which individuals can be exploited by cheats. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9633066/ /pubmed/36193888 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.80611 Text en © 2022, Liu et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Evolutionary Biology Liu, Ming West, Stuart Andrew Wild, Geoff The evolution of manipulative cheating |
title | The evolution of manipulative cheating |
title_full | The evolution of manipulative cheating |
title_fullStr | The evolution of manipulative cheating |
title_full_unstemmed | The evolution of manipulative cheating |
title_short | The evolution of manipulative cheating |
title_sort | evolution of manipulative cheating |
topic | Evolutionary Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9633066/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36193888 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.80611 |
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