Correlates of quality of life among persons living with tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study

INTRODUCTION: The correlates of quality of life originating from the demographic characteristics, comorbidities and sources of social support among persons living with tuberculosis remain underreported. The aim of this study was to examine the correlates of quality of life among persons living with tuberculosis within Greater Accra, Ghana. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design was used to assess the correlates of quality of life among 250 randomly sampled persons living with tuberculosis. Quality of life was assessed with the Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and correlates were derived using Spearman rho correlations. Chi-square analyses assessed associations among respondent characteristics. RESULTS: All four quality of life domains (physical, psychological, social relationship and environmental) of persons living with tuberculosis were positively correlated. Furthermore, receiving social support from family or friends correlated positively with respondents’ quality of life. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and receiving social support mainly from work colleagues or religious institutions correlated negatively with respondents’ quality of life domains. Other correlates of quality of life included age, pleuritis with pleural effusion, number of dependants and distance to tuberculosis treatment centres. Social support from family and friends corresponded with better quality of life among persons living with tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: The quality of life domains of persons living with tuberculosis are interrelated and can be enhanced by social support. Healthcare providers should involve the significant others of persons living with tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus and pleuritis with pleural effusion in their care to promote patients’ quality of life.