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Aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) efficacy
BACKGROUND: NETosis is a neutrophil-mediated defense mechanism during which DNA and enzymes are extruded forming a network (NETs) trapping and killing different pathogens. NETosis is reduced in both mice and humans during aging. AIMS: We explored the difference in the efficacy of NETs released in el...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9637667/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35920993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-022-02201-0 |
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author | Sabbatini, Maurizio Bona, Elisa Novello, Giorgia Migliario, Mario Renò, Filippo |
author_facet | Sabbatini, Maurizio Bona, Elisa Novello, Giorgia Migliario, Mario Renò, Filippo |
author_sort | Sabbatini, Maurizio |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: NETosis is a neutrophil-mediated defense mechanism during which DNA and enzymes are extruded forming a network (NETs) trapping and killing different pathogens. NETosis is reduced in both mice and humans during aging. AIMS: We explored the difference in the efficacy of NETs released in elderly (> 65 years) versus adults (20–50 years) subjects in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and activating the growth of keratinocytes. METHODS: Neutrophil granulocytes, obtained from venous blood both in healthy elderly and adult subjects, were stimulated by LPS (0–250 µg/ml) to induce the formation of NET. NETs were quantified by SYBR Green staining and growth inhibition of S. aureus was evaluated by disk diffusion test. Furthermore, NETs (0–500 ng/ml) were added to immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), and their proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay after 24 h. Finally, the DNA size of NETs was evaluated by flow cytometry after SYBR Green staining. RESULTS: Greater production of NETs was observed in elderly subjects than in adults, but these NETs showed reduced bactericidal capacity and HaCaT cells’ proliferation stimulation. The activities of the NETs are related to the size of the extruded DNA threads, and when NETs size was analyzed, DNA from elderly showed a higher size compared to that obtained by adults. DISCUSSION: Unexpected results showed aging-related NETs structural modification resulting in both a lower antimicrobial activity and keratinocyte proliferation stimulation compared to NETs obtained from adults. CONCLUSIONS: The NETs DNA size observed in elderly subjects has not been previously reported and could be part of other pathogenic mechanisms observed in aging. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9637667 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96376672022-11-08 Aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) efficacy Sabbatini, Maurizio Bona, Elisa Novello, Giorgia Migliario, Mario Renò, Filippo Aging Clin Exp Res Original Article BACKGROUND: NETosis is a neutrophil-mediated defense mechanism during which DNA and enzymes are extruded forming a network (NETs) trapping and killing different pathogens. NETosis is reduced in both mice and humans during aging. AIMS: We explored the difference in the efficacy of NETs released in elderly (> 65 years) versus adults (20–50 years) subjects in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and activating the growth of keratinocytes. METHODS: Neutrophil granulocytes, obtained from venous blood both in healthy elderly and adult subjects, were stimulated by LPS (0–250 µg/ml) to induce the formation of NET. NETs were quantified by SYBR Green staining and growth inhibition of S. aureus was evaluated by disk diffusion test. Furthermore, NETs (0–500 ng/ml) were added to immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), and their proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay after 24 h. Finally, the DNA size of NETs was evaluated by flow cytometry after SYBR Green staining. RESULTS: Greater production of NETs was observed in elderly subjects than in adults, but these NETs showed reduced bactericidal capacity and HaCaT cells’ proliferation stimulation. The activities of the NETs are related to the size of the extruded DNA threads, and when NETs size was analyzed, DNA from elderly showed a higher size compared to that obtained by adults. DISCUSSION: Unexpected results showed aging-related NETs structural modification resulting in both a lower antimicrobial activity and keratinocyte proliferation stimulation compared to NETs obtained from adults. CONCLUSIONS: The NETs DNA size observed in elderly subjects has not been previously reported and could be part of other pathogenic mechanisms observed in aging. Springer International Publishing 2022-08-03 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9637667/ /pubmed/35920993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-022-02201-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Article Sabbatini, Maurizio Bona, Elisa Novello, Giorgia Migliario, Mario Renò, Filippo Aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) efficacy |
title | Aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) efficacy |
title_full | Aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) efficacy |
title_fullStr | Aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) efficacy |
title_full_unstemmed | Aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) efficacy |
title_short | Aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) efficacy |
title_sort | aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (nets) efficacy |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9637667/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35920993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-022-02201-0 |
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