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Racial, Ethnic, and Rural/Urban Disparities in HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Carolina

Examining the current incidence rates of HIV and STIs among racial and ethnic minority and rural residents is crucial to inform and expand initiatives and outreach efforts to address disparities and minimize the health impact of these diseases. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted us...

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Autores principales: Giannouchos, Theodoros V., Crouch, Elizabeth, Merrell, Melinda A., Brown, Monique J., Harrison, Sayward E., Pearson, William S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9638303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36331790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10900-022-01165-6
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author Giannouchos, Theodoros V.
Crouch, Elizabeth
Merrell, Melinda A.
Brown, Monique J.
Harrison, Sayward E.
Pearson, William S.
author_facet Giannouchos, Theodoros V.
Crouch, Elizabeth
Merrell, Melinda A.
Brown, Monique J.
Harrison, Sayward E.
Pearson, William S.
author_sort Giannouchos, Theodoros V.
collection PubMed
description Examining the current incidence rates of HIV and STIs among racial and ethnic minority and rural residents is crucial to inform and expand initiatives and outreach efforts to address disparities and minimize the health impact of these diseases. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using Medicaid administrative claims data over a 2-year period (July 2019-June 2021) in South Carolina. Our main outcomes of interest were claims for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and HIV. Any beneficiary with at least one claim for a relevant diagnosis throughout the study period was considered to have one of these diseases. Descriptive analyses and multivariable regression models were used to estimate the association between STIs, HIV, race and ethnicity, and rurality. Overall, 158,731 Medicaid beneficiaries had at least one medical claim during the study period. Most were female (86.6%), resided in urban areas (66.6%), and were of non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity (42.6%). In total, 6.3% of beneficiaries had at least one encounter for chlamydia, 3.2% for gonorrhea, 0.5% for syphilis, and 0.8% for HIV. In multivariable models, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and HIV claims were significantly associated with non-Hispanic Black or other minority race/ethnicity compared to non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity. Rural residents were more likely to have a claim associated with chlamydia and gonorrhea compared to urban residents. The opposite was observed for syphilis and HIV. Providing updated evidence on disparities in STIs and HIV among racial/ethnic minority and rural populations in a southern state is essential for shaping state Medicaid policies to address health disparities.
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spelling pubmed-96383032022-11-07 Racial, Ethnic, and Rural/Urban Disparities in HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Carolina Giannouchos, Theodoros V. Crouch, Elizabeth Merrell, Melinda A. Brown, Monique J. Harrison, Sayward E. Pearson, William S. J Community Health Original Paper Examining the current incidence rates of HIV and STIs among racial and ethnic minority and rural residents is crucial to inform and expand initiatives and outreach efforts to address disparities and minimize the health impact of these diseases. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using Medicaid administrative claims data over a 2-year period (July 2019-June 2021) in South Carolina. Our main outcomes of interest were claims for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and HIV. Any beneficiary with at least one claim for a relevant diagnosis throughout the study period was considered to have one of these diseases. Descriptive analyses and multivariable regression models were used to estimate the association between STIs, HIV, race and ethnicity, and rurality. Overall, 158,731 Medicaid beneficiaries had at least one medical claim during the study period. Most were female (86.6%), resided in urban areas (66.6%), and were of non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity (42.6%). In total, 6.3% of beneficiaries had at least one encounter for chlamydia, 3.2% for gonorrhea, 0.5% for syphilis, and 0.8% for HIV. In multivariable models, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and HIV claims were significantly associated with non-Hispanic Black or other minority race/ethnicity compared to non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity. Rural residents were more likely to have a claim associated with chlamydia and gonorrhea compared to urban residents. The opposite was observed for syphilis and HIV. Providing updated evidence on disparities in STIs and HIV among racial/ethnic minority and rural populations in a southern state is essential for shaping state Medicaid policies to address health disparities. Springer US 2022-11-04 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9638303/ /pubmed/36331790 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10900-022-01165-6 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Giannouchos, Theodoros V.
Crouch, Elizabeth
Merrell, Melinda A.
Brown, Monique J.
Harrison, Sayward E.
Pearson, William S.
Racial, Ethnic, and Rural/Urban Disparities in HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Carolina
title Racial, Ethnic, and Rural/Urban Disparities in HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Carolina
title_full Racial, Ethnic, and Rural/Urban Disparities in HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Carolina
title_fullStr Racial, Ethnic, and Rural/Urban Disparities in HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Carolina
title_full_unstemmed Racial, Ethnic, and Rural/Urban Disparities in HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Carolina
title_short Racial, Ethnic, and Rural/Urban Disparities in HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Carolina
title_sort racial, ethnic, and rural/urban disparities in hiv and sexually transmitted infections in south carolina
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9638303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36331790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10900-022-01165-6
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