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Current Status of Ponds in India: A Framework for Restoration, Policies and Circular Economy

Healthy pond ecosystems are critical for achieving several sustainable development goals (SDG) through numerous ecosystem services (e.g., flood control, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration). However, the socio-economic and ecological value of ponds is often underestimated compared to the la...

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Autores principales: Yadav, Shweta, Goyal, V. C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9638415/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36373131
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-022-01624-9
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author Yadav, Shweta
Goyal, V. C.
author_facet Yadav, Shweta
Goyal, V. C.
author_sort Yadav, Shweta
collection PubMed
description Healthy pond ecosystems are critical for achieving several sustainable development goals (SDG) through numerous ecosystem services (e.g., flood control, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration). However, the socio-economic and ecological value of ponds is often underestimated compared to the larger water bodies. Ponds are highly vulnerable to mounting land-use pressures (e.g., urban expansion, and agriculture intensification) and environmental changes, leading to degradation and loss of the pond ecosystem. The narrow utilitarian use-based conservation fails to recognize the multiple anthropogenic pressures and provides narrow solutions which are inefficient to regenerate the degraded pond ecosystem. In this paper, we holistically examined the legal challenges (policies) and key anthropogenic and environmental pressures responsible for pond degradation in India. The country is strongly dedicated to attaining SDG and circular economy (CE) through aquatic ecosystem conservation and restoration. Considerable efforts are required at the administration level to recognize the contribution of pond ecosystem services in attaining global environmental goals and targets. Worldwide restoration strategies were reviewed, and a framework for pond restoration and conservation was proposed, which includes policies and incentives, technologies such as environmental-DNA (e-DNA), life cycle assessment (LCA), and other ecohydrological measures. Nature-based solutions (NBS) offer a sustainable and cost-effective approach to restoring the pond’s natural processes. Furthermore, linkage between the pond ecosystem and the CE was assessed to encourage a regenerative system for biodiversity conservation. This study informs the need for extensive actions and legislative reforms to restore and conserve the pond ecosystems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13157-022-01624-9.
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spelling pubmed-96384152022-11-07 Current Status of Ponds in India: A Framework for Restoration, Policies and Circular Economy Yadav, Shweta Goyal, V. C. Wetlands (Wilmington) Wetlands in the Developing World Healthy pond ecosystems are critical for achieving several sustainable development goals (SDG) through numerous ecosystem services (e.g., flood control, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration). However, the socio-economic and ecological value of ponds is often underestimated compared to the larger water bodies. Ponds are highly vulnerable to mounting land-use pressures (e.g., urban expansion, and agriculture intensification) and environmental changes, leading to degradation and loss of the pond ecosystem. The narrow utilitarian use-based conservation fails to recognize the multiple anthropogenic pressures and provides narrow solutions which are inefficient to regenerate the degraded pond ecosystem. In this paper, we holistically examined the legal challenges (policies) and key anthropogenic and environmental pressures responsible for pond degradation in India. The country is strongly dedicated to attaining SDG and circular economy (CE) through aquatic ecosystem conservation and restoration. Considerable efforts are required at the administration level to recognize the contribution of pond ecosystem services in attaining global environmental goals and targets. Worldwide restoration strategies were reviewed, and a framework for pond restoration and conservation was proposed, which includes policies and incentives, technologies such as environmental-DNA (e-DNA), life cycle assessment (LCA), and other ecohydrological measures. Nature-based solutions (NBS) offer a sustainable and cost-effective approach to restoring the pond’s natural processes. Furthermore, linkage between the pond ecosystem and the CE was assessed to encourage a regenerative system for biodiversity conservation. This study informs the need for extensive actions and legislative reforms to restore and conserve the pond ecosystems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13157-022-01624-9. Springer Netherlands 2022-11-04 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9638415/ /pubmed/36373131 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-022-01624-9 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society of Wetland Scientists 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Wetlands in the Developing World
Yadav, Shweta
Goyal, V. C.
Current Status of Ponds in India: A Framework for Restoration, Policies and Circular Economy
title Current Status of Ponds in India: A Framework for Restoration, Policies and Circular Economy
title_full Current Status of Ponds in India: A Framework for Restoration, Policies and Circular Economy
title_fullStr Current Status of Ponds in India: A Framework for Restoration, Policies and Circular Economy
title_full_unstemmed Current Status of Ponds in India: A Framework for Restoration, Policies and Circular Economy
title_short Current Status of Ponds in India: A Framework for Restoration, Policies and Circular Economy
title_sort current status of ponds in india: a framework for restoration, policies and circular economy
topic Wetlands in the Developing World
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9638415/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36373131
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-022-01624-9
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