Genome-wide identification and analysis of bZIP gene family reveal their roles during development and drought stress in Wheel Wingnut (Cyclocarya paliurus)

BACKGROUND: The bZIP gene family has important roles in various biological processes, including development and stress responses. However, little information about this gene family is available for Wheel Wingnut (Cyclocarya paliurus). RESULTS: In this study, we identified 58 bZIP genes in the C. paliurus genome and analyzed phylogenetic relationships, chromosomal locations, gene structure, collinearity, and gene expression profiles. The 58 bZIP genes could be divided into 11 groups and were unevenly distributed among 16 C. paliurus chromosomes. An analysis of cis-regulatory elements indicated that bZIP promoters were associated with phytohormones and stress responses. The expression patterns of bZIP genes in leaves differed among developmental stages. In addition, several bZIP members were differentially expressed under drought stress. These expression patterns were verified by RT-qPCR. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide insights into the evolutionary history of the bZIP gene family in C. paliurus and the function of these genes during leaf development and in the response to drought stress. In addition to basic genomic information, our results provide a theoretical basis for further studies aimed at improving growth and stress resistance in C. paliurus, an important medicinal plant. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08978-8.