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Innate lymphoid cells: More than just immune cells
Since their discovery, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been described as the innate counterpart of the T cells. Indeed, ILCs and T cells share many features including their common progenitors, transcriptional regulation, and effector cytokine secretion. Several studies have shown complementary and...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9643152/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36389661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033904 |
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author | Xiong, Le Nutt, Stephen L. Seillet, Cyril |
author_facet | Xiong, Le Nutt, Stephen L. Seillet, Cyril |
author_sort | Xiong, Le |
collection | PubMed |
description | Since their discovery, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been described as the innate counterpart of the T cells. Indeed, ILCs and T cells share many features including their common progenitors, transcriptional regulation, and effector cytokine secretion. Several studies have shown complementary and redundant roles for ILCs and T cells, leaving open questions regarding why these cells would have been evolutionarily conserved. It has become apparent in the last decade that ILCs, and rare immune cells more generally, that reside in non-lymphoid tissue have non-canonical functions for immune cells that contribute to tissue homeostasis and function. Viewed through this lens, ILCs would not be just the innate counterpart of T cells, but instead act as a link between sensory cells that monitor any changes in the environment that are not necessarily pathogenic and instruct effector cells that act to maintain body homeostasis. As these non-canonical functions of immune cells are operating in absence of pathogenic signals, it opens great avenues of research for immunologists that they now need to identify the physiological cues that regulate these cells and how the process confers a finer level of control and a greater flexibility that enables the organism to adapt to changing environmental conditions. In the review, we highlight how ILCs participate in the physiologic function of the tissue in which they reside and how physiological cues, in particular neural inputs control their homeostatic activity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9643152 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96431522022-11-15 Innate lymphoid cells: More than just immune cells Xiong, Le Nutt, Stephen L. Seillet, Cyril Front Immunol Immunology Since their discovery, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been described as the innate counterpart of the T cells. Indeed, ILCs and T cells share many features including their common progenitors, transcriptional regulation, and effector cytokine secretion. Several studies have shown complementary and redundant roles for ILCs and T cells, leaving open questions regarding why these cells would have been evolutionarily conserved. It has become apparent in the last decade that ILCs, and rare immune cells more generally, that reside in non-lymphoid tissue have non-canonical functions for immune cells that contribute to tissue homeostasis and function. Viewed through this lens, ILCs would not be just the innate counterpart of T cells, but instead act as a link between sensory cells that monitor any changes in the environment that are not necessarily pathogenic and instruct effector cells that act to maintain body homeostasis. As these non-canonical functions of immune cells are operating in absence of pathogenic signals, it opens great avenues of research for immunologists that they now need to identify the physiological cues that regulate these cells and how the process confers a finer level of control and a greater flexibility that enables the organism to adapt to changing environmental conditions. In the review, we highlight how ILCs participate in the physiologic function of the tissue in which they reside and how physiological cues, in particular neural inputs control their homeostatic activity. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9643152/ /pubmed/36389661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033904 Text en Copyright © 2022 Xiong, Nutt and Seillet https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Xiong, Le Nutt, Stephen L. Seillet, Cyril Innate lymphoid cells: More than just immune cells |
title | Innate lymphoid cells: More than just immune cells |
title_full | Innate lymphoid cells: More than just immune cells |
title_fullStr | Innate lymphoid cells: More than just immune cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Innate lymphoid cells: More than just immune cells |
title_short | Innate lymphoid cells: More than just immune cells |
title_sort | innate lymphoid cells: more than just immune cells |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9643152/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36389661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033904 |
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