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Humoral and cellular immune response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in heart transplant recipients: An observational study in France
INTRODUCTION: Heart transplant (HT) recipients have a high risk of developing severe COVID-19. Immunoglobulin G antibodies are considered to provide protective immunity and T-cell activity is thought to confer protection from severe disease. However, data on T-cell response to mRNA vaccination in a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9643719/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36388890 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1027708 |
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author | Casenaz, Alice Grosjean, Sandrine Aho-Glélé, Ludwig-Serge Bour, Jean-Baptiste Auvray, Christelle Manoha, Catherine |
author_facet | Casenaz, Alice Grosjean, Sandrine Aho-Glélé, Ludwig-Serge Bour, Jean-Baptiste Auvray, Christelle Manoha, Catherine |
author_sort | Casenaz, Alice |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Heart transplant (HT) recipients have a high risk of developing severe COVID-19. Immunoglobulin G antibodies are considered to provide protective immunity and T-cell activity is thought to confer protection from severe disease. However, data on T-cell response to mRNA vaccination in a context of HT remains limited. METHODS: In 96 HT patients, a IFN-γ release assay and an anti-Spike antibody test were used to evaluate the ability of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines to generate cellular and humoral immune response. Blood samples were collected few weeks to 7 months after vaccination. Multiple fractional polynomial and LASSO regression models were used to define predictors of T-cell response. RESULTS: Three to five months after vaccination, three doses of vaccine induced a positive SARS-CoV-2 T-cell response in 47% of recipients and a positive humoral response in 83% of recipients, 11.1% of patients remained negative for both T and B cell responses. Three doses were necessary to reach high IgG response levels (>590 BAU/mL), which were obtained in a third of patients. Immunity was greatly amplified in the group who had three vaccine doses plus COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that T and B immunity decreases over time, leading us to suggest the interest of a booster vaccination at 5 months after the third dose. Moreover, a close follow-up of immune response following vaccination is needed to ensure ongoing immune protection. We also found that significant predictors of higher cellular response were infection and active smoking, regardless of immunosuppressive treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9643719 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96437192022-11-15 Humoral and cellular immune response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in heart transplant recipients: An observational study in France Casenaz, Alice Grosjean, Sandrine Aho-Glélé, Ludwig-Serge Bour, Jean-Baptiste Auvray, Christelle Manoha, Catherine Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine INTRODUCTION: Heart transplant (HT) recipients have a high risk of developing severe COVID-19. Immunoglobulin G antibodies are considered to provide protective immunity and T-cell activity is thought to confer protection from severe disease. However, data on T-cell response to mRNA vaccination in a context of HT remains limited. METHODS: In 96 HT patients, a IFN-γ release assay and an anti-Spike antibody test were used to evaluate the ability of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines to generate cellular and humoral immune response. Blood samples were collected few weeks to 7 months after vaccination. Multiple fractional polynomial and LASSO regression models were used to define predictors of T-cell response. RESULTS: Three to five months after vaccination, three doses of vaccine induced a positive SARS-CoV-2 T-cell response in 47% of recipients and a positive humoral response in 83% of recipients, 11.1% of patients remained negative for both T and B cell responses. Three doses were necessary to reach high IgG response levels (>590 BAU/mL), which were obtained in a third of patients. Immunity was greatly amplified in the group who had three vaccine doses plus COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that T and B immunity decreases over time, leading us to suggest the interest of a booster vaccination at 5 months after the third dose. Moreover, a close follow-up of immune response following vaccination is needed to ensure ongoing immune protection. We also found that significant predictors of higher cellular response were infection and active smoking, regardless of immunosuppressive treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9643719/ /pubmed/36388890 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1027708 Text en Copyright © 2022 Casenaz, Grosjean, Aho-Glélé, Bour, Auvray and Manoha. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Medicine Casenaz, Alice Grosjean, Sandrine Aho-Glélé, Ludwig-Serge Bour, Jean-Baptiste Auvray, Christelle Manoha, Catherine Humoral and cellular immune response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in heart transplant recipients: An observational study in France |
title | Humoral and cellular immune response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in heart transplant recipients: An observational study in France |
title_full | Humoral and cellular immune response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in heart transplant recipients: An observational study in France |
title_fullStr | Humoral and cellular immune response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in heart transplant recipients: An observational study in France |
title_full_unstemmed | Humoral and cellular immune response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in heart transplant recipients: An observational study in France |
title_short | Humoral and cellular immune response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in heart transplant recipients: An observational study in France |
title_sort | humoral and cellular immune response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in heart transplant recipients: an observational study in france |
topic | Medicine |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9643719/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36388890 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1027708 |
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