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Gapless reference genome assembly of Didymella glomerata, a new fungal pathogen of maize causing Didymella leaf blight
Didymella leaf blight (DLB) caused by Didymella glomerata is a new fungal disease of maize (Zea mays), first detected in 2021 in Panjin, Liaoning province of China. Here we report the reference genome assembly of D. glomerata to unravel how the fungal pathogen controls its virulence on maize at the...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9643772/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36388559 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1022819 |
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author | Ma, Wendi Yang, Jun Ding, Junqiang Zhao, Wensheng Peng, You-Liang Bhadauria, Vijai |
author_facet | Ma, Wendi Yang, Jun Ding, Junqiang Zhao, Wensheng Peng, You-Liang Bhadauria, Vijai |
author_sort | Ma, Wendi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Didymella leaf blight (DLB) caused by Didymella glomerata is a new fungal disease of maize (Zea mays), first detected in 2021 in Panjin, Liaoning province of China. Here we report the reference genome assembly of D. glomerata to unravel how the fungal pathogen controls its virulence on maize at the molecular level. A maize-infecting strain Pj-2 of the pathogen was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and PacBio Sequel II platforms at a 575-fold genomic coverage. The 33.17 Mb gapless genome assembly comprises 32 scaffolds with L/N(50) of 11/1.36 Mb, four of which represent full-length chromosomes. The Pj-2 genome is predicted to contain 10,334 protein-coding genes, of which 211, 12 and 134 encode effector candidates, secondary metabolite backbone-forming enzymes and CAZymes, respectively. Some of these genes are potentially implicated in niche adaptation and expansion, such as colonizing new hosts like maize. Phylogenomic analysis of eight strains of six Didymella spp., including three sequenced strains of D. glomerata, reveals that the maize (Pj-2)- and Chrysanthemum (CBS 528.66)-infecting strains of D. glomerata are genetically similar (sharing 92.37% genome with 98.89% identity), whereas Pj-2 shows truncated collinearity with extensive chromosomal rearrangements with the Malus-infecting strain M27-16 of D. glomerata (sharing only 55.01% genome with 88.20% identity). Pj-2 and CBS 528.66 carry four major reciprocal translocations in their genomes, which may enable them to colonize the different hosts. Furthermore, germplasm screening against Pj-2 led to the identification of three sources of DLB resistance in maize, including a tropical inbred line CML496. DLB resistance in the line is attributed to the accumulation of ROS H(2)O(2) in the apoplastic space of the infected cells, which likely restricts the fungal growth and proliferation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9643772 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96437722022-11-15 Gapless reference genome assembly of Didymella glomerata, a new fungal pathogen of maize causing Didymella leaf blight Ma, Wendi Yang, Jun Ding, Junqiang Zhao, Wensheng Peng, You-Liang Bhadauria, Vijai Front Plant Sci Plant Science Didymella leaf blight (DLB) caused by Didymella glomerata is a new fungal disease of maize (Zea mays), first detected in 2021 in Panjin, Liaoning province of China. Here we report the reference genome assembly of D. glomerata to unravel how the fungal pathogen controls its virulence on maize at the molecular level. A maize-infecting strain Pj-2 of the pathogen was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and PacBio Sequel II platforms at a 575-fold genomic coverage. The 33.17 Mb gapless genome assembly comprises 32 scaffolds with L/N(50) of 11/1.36 Mb, four of which represent full-length chromosomes. The Pj-2 genome is predicted to contain 10,334 protein-coding genes, of which 211, 12 and 134 encode effector candidates, secondary metabolite backbone-forming enzymes and CAZymes, respectively. Some of these genes are potentially implicated in niche adaptation and expansion, such as colonizing new hosts like maize. Phylogenomic analysis of eight strains of six Didymella spp., including three sequenced strains of D. glomerata, reveals that the maize (Pj-2)- and Chrysanthemum (CBS 528.66)-infecting strains of D. glomerata are genetically similar (sharing 92.37% genome with 98.89% identity), whereas Pj-2 shows truncated collinearity with extensive chromosomal rearrangements with the Malus-infecting strain M27-16 of D. glomerata (sharing only 55.01% genome with 88.20% identity). Pj-2 and CBS 528.66 carry four major reciprocal translocations in their genomes, which may enable them to colonize the different hosts. Furthermore, germplasm screening against Pj-2 led to the identification of three sources of DLB resistance in maize, including a tropical inbred line CML496. DLB resistance in the line is attributed to the accumulation of ROS H(2)O(2) in the apoplastic space of the infected cells, which likely restricts the fungal growth and proliferation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9643772/ /pubmed/36388559 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1022819 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ma, Yang, Ding, Zhao, Peng and Bhadauria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Ma, Wendi Yang, Jun Ding, Junqiang Zhao, Wensheng Peng, You-Liang Bhadauria, Vijai Gapless reference genome assembly of Didymella glomerata, a new fungal pathogen of maize causing Didymella leaf blight |
title | Gapless reference genome assembly of Didymella glomerata, a new fungal pathogen of maize causing Didymella leaf blight |
title_full | Gapless reference genome assembly of Didymella glomerata, a new fungal pathogen of maize causing Didymella leaf blight |
title_fullStr | Gapless reference genome assembly of Didymella glomerata, a new fungal pathogen of maize causing Didymella leaf blight |
title_full_unstemmed | Gapless reference genome assembly of Didymella glomerata, a new fungal pathogen of maize causing Didymella leaf blight |
title_short | Gapless reference genome assembly of Didymella glomerata, a new fungal pathogen of maize causing Didymella leaf blight |
title_sort | gapless reference genome assembly of didymella glomerata, a new fungal pathogen of maize causing didymella leaf blight |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9643772/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36388559 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1022819 |
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