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Primary hypertension, anti-hypertensive medications and the risk of severe COVID-19 in UK Biobank

Hypertension appears to be one of the commonest comorbidities in COVID-19 patients, although whether hypertensive individuals have a higher risk of severe COVID-19 compared with non-hypertensives is unclear. It is also unclear whether the absolute level of systolic blood pressure, or the type of ant...

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Autores principales: Pavey, Holly, Kulkarni, Spoorthy, Wood, Angela, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, Sever, Peter, McEniery, Carmel, Wilkinson, Ian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9645600/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36350810
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276781
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author Pavey, Holly
Kulkarni, Spoorthy
Wood, Angela
Ben-Shlomo, Yoav
Sever, Peter
McEniery, Carmel
Wilkinson, Ian
author_facet Pavey, Holly
Kulkarni, Spoorthy
Wood, Angela
Ben-Shlomo, Yoav
Sever, Peter
McEniery, Carmel
Wilkinson, Ian
author_sort Pavey, Holly
collection PubMed
description Hypertension appears to be one of the commonest comorbidities in COVID-19 patients, although whether hypertensive individuals have a higher risk of severe COVID-19 compared with non-hypertensives is unclear. It is also unclear whether the absolute level of systolic blood pressure, or the type of anti-hypertensive medication is related to this risk. Analyses were conducted using data from the UK Biobank and linked health records. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess the impact of hypertension, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and medications on the risk of severe COVID-19. 16,134 individuals tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus, 22% (n = 3,584) developed severe COVID-19 and 40% (n = 6,517) were hypertensive. Hypertension was associated with 22% higher odds of severe COVID-19 (Odds ratio (OR) 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12, 1.33), compared with normotension after adjusting for confounding variables. In those taking anti-hypertensive medications, elevated SBP showed a dose-response relationship with severe COVID-19 (150-159mmHg versus 120-129mmHg (OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.44, 2.53), >180+mmHg versus 120-129mmHg (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.06, 3.51)). SBP <120mmHg was associated with greater odds of severe COVID-19 (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.11, 1.78). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-II receptor blockers were not associated with altered risk of severe COVID-19. Hypertension is an important risk factor for COVID-19. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms is warranted in case of more severe strains or other viruses in the future.
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spelling pubmed-96456002022-11-15 Primary hypertension, anti-hypertensive medications and the risk of severe COVID-19 in UK Biobank Pavey, Holly Kulkarni, Spoorthy Wood, Angela Ben-Shlomo, Yoav Sever, Peter McEniery, Carmel Wilkinson, Ian PLoS One Research Article Hypertension appears to be one of the commonest comorbidities in COVID-19 patients, although whether hypertensive individuals have a higher risk of severe COVID-19 compared with non-hypertensives is unclear. It is also unclear whether the absolute level of systolic blood pressure, or the type of anti-hypertensive medication is related to this risk. Analyses were conducted using data from the UK Biobank and linked health records. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess the impact of hypertension, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and medications on the risk of severe COVID-19. 16,134 individuals tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus, 22% (n = 3,584) developed severe COVID-19 and 40% (n = 6,517) were hypertensive. Hypertension was associated with 22% higher odds of severe COVID-19 (Odds ratio (OR) 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12, 1.33), compared with normotension after adjusting for confounding variables. In those taking anti-hypertensive medications, elevated SBP showed a dose-response relationship with severe COVID-19 (150-159mmHg versus 120-129mmHg (OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.44, 2.53), >180+mmHg versus 120-129mmHg (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.06, 3.51)). SBP <120mmHg was associated with greater odds of severe COVID-19 (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.11, 1.78). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-II receptor blockers were not associated with altered risk of severe COVID-19. Hypertension is an important risk factor for COVID-19. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms is warranted in case of more severe strains or other viruses in the future. Public Library of Science 2022-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9645600/ /pubmed/36350810 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276781 Text en © 2022 Pavey et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Pavey, Holly
Kulkarni, Spoorthy
Wood, Angela
Ben-Shlomo, Yoav
Sever, Peter
McEniery, Carmel
Wilkinson, Ian
Primary hypertension, anti-hypertensive medications and the risk of severe COVID-19 in UK Biobank
title Primary hypertension, anti-hypertensive medications and the risk of severe COVID-19 in UK Biobank
title_full Primary hypertension, anti-hypertensive medications and the risk of severe COVID-19 in UK Biobank
title_fullStr Primary hypertension, anti-hypertensive medications and the risk of severe COVID-19 in UK Biobank
title_full_unstemmed Primary hypertension, anti-hypertensive medications and the risk of severe COVID-19 in UK Biobank
title_short Primary hypertension, anti-hypertensive medications and the risk of severe COVID-19 in UK Biobank
title_sort primary hypertension, anti-hypertensive medications and the risk of severe covid-19 in uk biobank
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9645600/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36350810
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276781
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