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Hepatic AMPK signaling dynamic activation in response to REDOX balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control
Antioxidant intervention is considered to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate hyperglycemia. Paradoxically, moderate exercise can produce ROS to improve diabetes. The exact redox mechanism of these two different approaches remains largely unclear. Here, by comparing exercise and anti...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9645808/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36155132 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.79939 |
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author | Wu, Meiling Zhao, Anda Yan, Xingchen Gao, Hongyang Zhang, Chunwang Liu, Xiaomin Luo, Qiwen Xie, Feizhou Liu, Shanlin Shi, Dongyun |
author_facet | Wu, Meiling Zhao, Anda Yan, Xingchen Gao, Hongyang Zhang, Chunwang Liu, Xiaomin Luo, Qiwen Xie, Feizhou Liu, Shanlin Shi, Dongyun |
author_sort | Wu, Meiling |
collection | PubMed |
description | Antioxidant intervention is considered to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate hyperglycemia. Paradoxically, moderate exercise can produce ROS to improve diabetes. The exact redox mechanism of these two different approaches remains largely unclear. Here, by comparing exercise and antioxidant intervention on type 2 diabetic rats, we found moderate exercise upregulated compensatory antioxidant capability and reached a higher level of redox balance in the liver. In contrast, antioxidant intervention achieved a low-level redox balance by inhibiting oxidative stress. Both of these two interventions could promote glucose catabolism and inhibit gluconeogenesis through activation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling; therefore, ameliorating diabetes. During exercise, different levels of ROS generated by exercise have differential regulations on the activity and expression of hepatic AMPK. Moderate exercise-derived ROS promoted hepatic AMPK glutathionylation activation. However, excessive exercise increased oxidative damage and inhibited the activity and expression of AMPK. Overall, our results illustrate that both exercise and antioxidant intervention improve blood glucose control in diabetes by promoting redox balance, despite different levels of redox state(s). These results indicate that the AMPK signaling activation, combined with oxidative damage markers, could act as sentinel biomarkers, reflecting the threshold of redox balance that is linked to effective glucose control in diabetes. These findings provide theoretical evidence for the precise management of diabetes by antioxidants and exercise. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9645808 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96458082022-11-15 Hepatic AMPK signaling dynamic activation in response to REDOX balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control Wu, Meiling Zhao, Anda Yan, Xingchen Gao, Hongyang Zhang, Chunwang Liu, Xiaomin Luo, Qiwen Xie, Feizhou Liu, Shanlin Shi, Dongyun eLife Biochemistry and Chemical Biology Antioxidant intervention is considered to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate hyperglycemia. Paradoxically, moderate exercise can produce ROS to improve diabetes. The exact redox mechanism of these two different approaches remains largely unclear. Here, by comparing exercise and antioxidant intervention on type 2 diabetic rats, we found moderate exercise upregulated compensatory antioxidant capability and reached a higher level of redox balance in the liver. In contrast, antioxidant intervention achieved a low-level redox balance by inhibiting oxidative stress. Both of these two interventions could promote glucose catabolism and inhibit gluconeogenesis through activation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling; therefore, ameliorating diabetes. During exercise, different levels of ROS generated by exercise have differential regulations on the activity and expression of hepatic AMPK. Moderate exercise-derived ROS promoted hepatic AMPK glutathionylation activation. However, excessive exercise increased oxidative damage and inhibited the activity and expression of AMPK. Overall, our results illustrate that both exercise and antioxidant intervention improve blood glucose control in diabetes by promoting redox balance, despite different levels of redox state(s). These results indicate that the AMPK signaling activation, combined with oxidative damage markers, could act as sentinel biomarkers, reflecting the threshold of redox balance that is linked to effective glucose control in diabetes. These findings provide theoretical evidence for the precise management of diabetes by antioxidants and exercise. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9645808/ /pubmed/36155132 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.79939 Text en © 2022, Wu, Zhao, Yan et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Biochemistry and Chemical Biology Wu, Meiling Zhao, Anda Yan, Xingchen Gao, Hongyang Zhang, Chunwang Liu, Xiaomin Luo, Qiwen Xie, Feizhou Liu, Shanlin Shi, Dongyun Hepatic AMPK signaling dynamic activation in response to REDOX balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control |
title | Hepatic AMPK signaling dynamic activation in response to REDOX balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control |
title_full | Hepatic AMPK signaling dynamic activation in response to REDOX balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control |
title_fullStr | Hepatic AMPK signaling dynamic activation in response to REDOX balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control |
title_full_unstemmed | Hepatic AMPK signaling dynamic activation in response to REDOX balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control |
title_short | Hepatic AMPK signaling dynamic activation in response to REDOX balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control |
title_sort | hepatic ampk signaling dynamic activation in response to redox balance are sentinel biomarkers of exercise and antioxidant intervention to improve blood glucose control |
topic | Biochemistry and Chemical Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9645808/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36155132 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.79939 |
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