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Navigating the contested borders between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia
Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia are heterogeneous myeloid neoplasms which arise from the accumulation of mutations in a myeloid stem cell or progenitor that confer survival or growth advantages. These disease processes are formally differentiated by clinical, laboratory, and morp...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9650616/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36387170 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1033534 |
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author | Ambinder, Alexander J. DeZern, Amy E. |
author_facet | Ambinder, Alexander J. DeZern, Amy E. |
author_sort | Ambinder, Alexander J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia are heterogeneous myeloid neoplasms which arise from the accumulation of mutations in a myeloid stem cell or progenitor that confer survival or growth advantages. These disease processes are formally differentiated by clinical, laboratory, and morphological presentations, especially with regard to the preponderance of blasts in the peripheral blood or bone marrow (AML); however, they are closely associated through their shared lineage as well as their existence on a spectrum with some cases of MDS displaying increased blasts, a feature that reflects more AML-like behavior, and the propensity for MDS to transform into AML. It is increasingly recognized that the distinctions between these two entities result from the divergent patterns of genetic alterations that drive each of them. Mutations in genes related to chromatin-remodeling and the spliceosome are seen in both MDS and AML arising out of antecedent MDS, while mutations in genes related to signaling pathways such as RAS or FLT3 are more typically seen in AML or otherwise are a harbinger of transformation. In this review, we focus on the insights into the biological and genetic distinctions and similarities between MDS and AML that are now used to refine clinical prognostication, guide disease management, and to inform development of novel therapeutic approaches. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9650616 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96506162022-11-15 Navigating the contested borders between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia Ambinder, Alexander J. DeZern, Amy E. Front Oncol Oncology Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia are heterogeneous myeloid neoplasms which arise from the accumulation of mutations in a myeloid stem cell or progenitor that confer survival or growth advantages. These disease processes are formally differentiated by clinical, laboratory, and morphological presentations, especially with regard to the preponderance of blasts in the peripheral blood or bone marrow (AML); however, they are closely associated through their shared lineage as well as their existence on a spectrum with some cases of MDS displaying increased blasts, a feature that reflects more AML-like behavior, and the propensity for MDS to transform into AML. It is increasingly recognized that the distinctions between these two entities result from the divergent patterns of genetic alterations that drive each of them. Mutations in genes related to chromatin-remodeling and the spliceosome are seen in both MDS and AML arising out of antecedent MDS, while mutations in genes related to signaling pathways such as RAS or FLT3 are more typically seen in AML or otherwise are a harbinger of transformation. In this review, we focus on the insights into the biological and genetic distinctions and similarities between MDS and AML that are now used to refine clinical prognostication, guide disease management, and to inform development of novel therapeutic approaches. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9650616/ /pubmed/36387170 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1033534 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ambinder and DeZern https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Oncology Ambinder, Alexander J. DeZern, Amy E. Navigating the contested borders between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia |
title | Navigating the contested borders between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia |
title_full | Navigating the contested borders between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia |
title_fullStr | Navigating the contested borders between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia |
title_full_unstemmed | Navigating the contested borders between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia |
title_short | Navigating the contested borders between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia |
title_sort | navigating the contested borders between myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia |
topic | Oncology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9650616/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36387170 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1033534 |
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