Cargando…

Sheep scab: comparison of spatial and temporal patterns determined by clinical diagnosis or ELISA

BACKGROUND: Ovine psoroptic mange (sheep scab) is an infectious condition caused by an allergen-induced hypersensitivity response to the mite Psoroptes ovis. Infestation results in clinical disease, economic loss and welfare issues in many sheep-producing countries. The aim of this study was to comp...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Makepeace, Chloe, Nixon, Emily Joanne, Burgess, Stewart T. G., Stubbings, Lesley, Wall, Richard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9650871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36369174
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05564-5
_version_ 1784828119308304384
author Makepeace, Chloe
Nixon, Emily Joanne
Burgess, Stewart T. G.
Stubbings, Lesley
Wall, Richard
author_facet Makepeace, Chloe
Nixon, Emily Joanne
Burgess, Stewart T. G.
Stubbings, Lesley
Wall, Richard
author_sort Makepeace, Chloe
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Ovine psoroptic mange (sheep scab) is an infectious condition caused by an allergen-induced hypersensitivity response to the mite Psoroptes ovis. Infestation results in clinical disease, economic loss and welfare issues in many sheep-producing countries. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and spatial pattern of sheep scab on contiguous farms, using both self-reported clinical outbreak history (2012–2020) and serological testing with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (2021/2022). METHODS: Farms included in the study were located in three regions of known high scab prevalence in North, Central and Southwest England. In total, 254 farms completed both a questionnaire, which provided the clinical scab history of the farm, and submitted results of serological testing with the ELISA. RESULTS: A scab outbreak was reported by 17.4% (± confidence interval [CI]: 4.6%; n = 48) of farms in 2020 based on clinical diagnosis; scab was diagnosed by the ELISA on 25.6% (± 5.5%; n = 65) of farms in 2021/2022. Comparison of self-reported clinical scab cases with the ELISA test results identified a group of farms (n = 52) that did not report scab in 2020, or in some cases did not report having scab over the previous 8 years (n = 20), but whose flocks were nevertheless seropositive in 2021/2022. CONCLUSION: A small number of flocks, particularly those using common grazings in North England, where handling is infrequent, often comprising less susceptible sheep breeds, may have persistent scab infestations that are generally undetected by clinical inspection. The data highlight the advantages of serological testing to identify exposure to scab in flocks where clinical signs are less easily detected. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text]
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9650871
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-96508712022-11-15 Sheep scab: comparison of spatial and temporal patterns determined by clinical diagnosis or ELISA Makepeace, Chloe Nixon, Emily Joanne Burgess, Stewart T. G. Stubbings, Lesley Wall, Richard Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Ovine psoroptic mange (sheep scab) is an infectious condition caused by an allergen-induced hypersensitivity response to the mite Psoroptes ovis. Infestation results in clinical disease, economic loss and welfare issues in many sheep-producing countries. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and spatial pattern of sheep scab on contiguous farms, using both self-reported clinical outbreak history (2012–2020) and serological testing with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (2021/2022). METHODS: Farms included in the study were located in three regions of known high scab prevalence in North, Central and Southwest England. In total, 254 farms completed both a questionnaire, which provided the clinical scab history of the farm, and submitted results of serological testing with the ELISA. RESULTS: A scab outbreak was reported by 17.4% (± confidence interval [CI]: 4.6%; n = 48) of farms in 2020 based on clinical diagnosis; scab was diagnosed by the ELISA on 25.6% (± 5.5%; n = 65) of farms in 2021/2022. Comparison of self-reported clinical scab cases with the ELISA test results identified a group of farms (n = 52) that did not report scab in 2020, or in some cases did not report having scab over the previous 8 years (n = 20), but whose flocks were nevertheless seropositive in 2021/2022. CONCLUSION: A small number of flocks, particularly those using common grazings in North England, where handling is infrequent, often comprising less susceptible sheep breeds, may have persistent scab infestations that are generally undetected by clinical inspection. The data highlight the advantages of serological testing to identify exposure to scab in flocks where clinical signs are less easily detected. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] BioMed Central 2022-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9650871/ /pubmed/36369174 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05564-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Makepeace, Chloe
Nixon, Emily Joanne
Burgess, Stewart T. G.
Stubbings, Lesley
Wall, Richard
Sheep scab: comparison of spatial and temporal patterns determined by clinical diagnosis or ELISA
title Sheep scab: comparison of spatial and temporal patterns determined by clinical diagnosis or ELISA
title_full Sheep scab: comparison of spatial and temporal patterns determined by clinical diagnosis or ELISA
title_fullStr Sheep scab: comparison of spatial and temporal patterns determined by clinical diagnosis or ELISA
title_full_unstemmed Sheep scab: comparison of spatial and temporal patterns determined by clinical diagnosis or ELISA
title_short Sheep scab: comparison of spatial and temporal patterns determined by clinical diagnosis or ELISA
title_sort sheep scab: comparison of spatial and temporal patterns determined by clinical diagnosis or elisa
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9650871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36369174
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05564-5
work_keys_str_mv AT makepeacechloe sheepscabcomparisonofspatialandtemporalpatternsdeterminedbyclinicaldiagnosisorelisa
AT nixonemilyjoanne sheepscabcomparisonofspatialandtemporalpatternsdeterminedbyclinicaldiagnosisorelisa
AT burgessstewarttg sheepscabcomparisonofspatialandtemporalpatternsdeterminedbyclinicaldiagnosisorelisa
AT stubbingslesley sheepscabcomparisonofspatialandtemporalpatternsdeterminedbyclinicaldiagnosisorelisa
AT wallrichard sheepscabcomparisonofspatialandtemporalpatternsdeterminedbyclinicaldiagnosisorelisa