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Local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) chimeric fiber protein

Fowl adenovirus (FAdV)-induced diseases hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) have been affecting the poultry industry with increasing severity in the last two decades. Recently, a subunit vaccine based on a chimeric fiber protein with epitopes from different f...

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Autores principales: De Luca, Carlotta, Schachner, Anna, Heidl, Sarah, Hess, Michael, Liebhart, Dieter, Mitra, Taniya
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9650998/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36389772
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026233
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author De Luca, Carlotta
Schachner, Anna
Heidl, Sarah
Hess, Michael
Liebhart, Dieter
Mitra, Taniya
author_facet De Luca, Carlotta
Schachner, Anna
Heidl, Sarah
Hess, Michael
Liebhart, Dieter
Mitra, Taniya
author_sort De Luca, Carlotta
collection PubMed
description Fowl adenovirus (FAdV)-induced diseases hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) have been affecting the poultry industry with increasing severity in the last two decades. Recently, a subunit vaccine based on a chimeric fiber protein with epitopes from different fowl adenovirus serotypes (named crecFib-4/11) has been shown to confer simultaneous protection against both HHS and IBH. However, the underlying immune mechanisms in chickens are still enigmatic, especially because of frequently absent neutralizing response despite high levels of protection. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of the humoral and cellular immune responses in specific pathogen-free chickens after vaccination with crecFib-4/11 and/or challenge with a HHS-causing strain, on a systemic level, as well as locally in target and lymphoid organs. The humoral response was assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and virus neutralization test in serum, while the cellular immune response was determined by phenotyping using flow cytometry. Although vaccination induced serum antibodies, as confirmed by ELISA, such antibodies exhibited no pre-challenge neutralizing activity against FAdV-4. Nevertheless, immunized birds experienced a significant B cell increase in the liver upon challenge, remaining high throughout the experiment. Furthermore, vaccination stimulated the proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, with earlier circulation in the blood compared to the challenge control and subsequent increase in liver and spleen. Overall, these findings imply that protection of chickens from HHS after crecFib-4/11 vaccination relies on a prominent local immune response in the target organs, instead of circulating neutralizing antibodies.
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spelling pubmed-96509982022-11-15 Local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) chimeric fiber protein De Luca, Carlotta Schachner, Anna Heidl, Sarah Hess, Michael Liebhart, Dieter Mitra, Taniya Front Immunol Immunology Fowl adenovirus (FAdV)-induced diseases hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) have been affecting the poultry industry with increasing severity in the last two decades. Recently, a subunit vaccine based on a chimeric fiber protein with epitopes from different fowl adenovirus serotypes (named crecFib-4/11) has been shown to confer simultaneous protection against both HHS and IBH. However, the underlying immune mechanisms in chickens are still enigmatic, especially because of frequently absent neutralizing response despite high levels of protection. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of the humoral and cellular immune responses in specific pathogen-free chickens after vaccination with crecFib-4/11 and/or challenge with a HHS-causing strain, on a systemic level, as well as locally in target and lymphoid organs. The humoral response was assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and virus neutralization test in serum, while the cellular immune response was determined by phenotyping using flow cytometry. Although vaccination induced serum antibodies, as confirmed by ELISA, such antibodies exhibited no pre-challenge neutralizing activity against FAdV-4. Nevertheless, immunized birds experienced a significant B cell increase in the liver upon challenge, remaining high throughout the experiment. Furthermore, vaccination stimulated the proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, with earlier circulation in the blood compared to the challenge control and subsequent increase in liver and spleen. Overall, these findings imply that protection of chickens from HHS after crecFib-4/11 vaccination relies on a prominent local immune response in the target organs, instead of circulating neutralizing antibodies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9650998/ /pubmed/36389772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026233 Text en Copyright © 2022 De Luca, Schachner, Heidl, Hess, Liebhart and Mitra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
De Luca, Carlotta
Schachner, Anna
Heidl, Sarah
Hess, Michael
Liebhart, Dieter
Mitra, Taniya
Local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) chimeric fiber protein
title Local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) chimeric fiber protein
title_full Local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) chimeric fiber protein
title_fullStr Local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) chimeric fiber protein
title_full_unstemmed Local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) chimeric fiber protein
title_short Local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) chimeric fiber protein
title_sort local cellular immune response plays a key role in protecting chickens against hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (hhs) by vaccination with a recombinant fowl adenovirus (fadv) chimeric fiber protein
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9650998/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36389772
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026233
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