Effects of Laser Forming on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of DP980 Steel

Due to its high strength and good plasticity, dual-phase (DP) steel is widely used for manufacturing the structural and reinforcement components of automobiles. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the mechanical properties and microstructure variation in DP steel after deformation, especially those subjected to hot-forming processes. In this study, the mechanical properties and microstructure of laser-formed DP980 steel plates under different laser parameters were investigated by means of monotonic tensile tests, microhardness tests, and metallographic tests. The results showed that both yield strength and tensile strength increased with increasing laser line energy in the range of 5~19 J/mm due to the increasing volume content of martensite laths. Elongation was slightly improved after the laser-forming process due to the existence of residual austenite. The average microhardness of the heat-affected zone also increased with an increase in laser line energy and reached a maximum of 412.8 HV(0.2)—an improvement of 23.5% compared to that of the parent material.