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Ultrasonic-Assisted Rapid Preparation of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Its Testing in Adsorption of Cationic Species from Aqueous Solutions

Herein, we report a new approach for the sulfonation of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) following a shorter path of reaction undertaken at 60 °C under ultrasonication. The application of this method enabled the reduction of the reaction time from several hours to less than one hour, achieving a releva...

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Autores principales: Baltag, Laurentiu, Cojocaru, Corneliu, Enache, Andra-Cristina, Samoila, Petrisor, Harabagiu, Valeria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9654382/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36363150
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217558
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author Baltag, Laurentiu
Cojocaru, Corneliu
Enache, Andra-Cristina
Samoila, Petrisor
Harabagiu, Valeria
author_facet Baltag, Laurentiu
Cojocaru, Corneliu
Enache, Andra-Cristina
Samoila, Petrisor
Harabagiu, Valeria
author_sort Baltag, Laurentiu
collection PubMed
description Herein, we report a new approach for the sulfonation of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) following a shorter path of reaction undertaken at 60 °C under ultrasonication. The application of this method enabled the reduction of the reaction time from several hours to less than one hour, achieving a relevant sulfonation degree. The sulfonated-PEEK (SPEEK) was characterized by advanced chemical and physical instrumental methods. According to (1)H-NMR analysis, the degree of sulfonation of the polymer was equal to 70.3%. Advanced microscopy (SEM) showed that the fabricated SPEEK beads (2–4 mm) were porous inside with a log-normal distribution of pore sizes within the range 1.13–151.44 μm. As an application, the SPEEK polymer was tested for the adsorption of a cationic organic pollutant (Methylene blue, MB) from aqueous solutions. The equilibrium studies (isotherms) disclosed maximum adsorption capacities of 217 mg/g, 119 mg/g, and 68 mg/g at temperatures of 323 K, 313 K, and 300 K, respectively. The thermodynamic calculations indicated an endothermic effect (ΔH(ad) = +11.81 kJ/mol) of the investigated adsorption process. The maximum removal efficiency of 99.14% was established by process optimization using the design of experiments strategy and data-driven modeling. Additionally, molecular docking simulations were performed to disclose the mechanism of interaction at the molecular level between the adsorbent (SPEEK) and pollutant.
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spelling pubmed-96543822022-11-15 Ultrasonic-Assisted Rapid Preparation of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Its Testing in Adsorption of Cationic Species from Aqueous Solutions Baltag, Laurentiu Cojocaru, Corneliu Enache, Andra-Cristina Samoila, Petrisor Harabagiu, Valeria Materials (Basel) Article Herein, we report a new approach for the sulfonation of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) following a shorter path of reaction undertaken at 60 °C under ultrasonication. The application of this method enabled the reduction of the reaction time from several hours to less than one hour, achieving a relevant sulfonation degree. The sulfonated-PEEK (SPEEK) was characterized by advanced chemical and physical instrumental methods. According to (1)H-NMR analysis, the degree of sulfonation of the polymer was equal to 70.3%. Advanced microscopy (SEM) showed that the fabricated SPEEK beads (2–4 mm) were porous inside with a log-normal distribution of pore sizes within the range 1.13–151.44 μm. As an application, the SPEEK polymer was tested for the adsorption of a cationic organic pollutant (Methylene blue, MB) from aqueous solutions. The equilibrium studies (isotherms) disclosed maximum adsorption capacities of 217 mg/g, 119 mg/g, and 68 mg/g at temperatures of 323 K, 313 K, and 300 K, respectively. The thermodynamic calculations indicated an endothermic effect (ΔH(ad) = +11.81 kJ/mol) of the investigated adsorption process. The maximum removal efficiency of 99.14% was established by process optimization using the design of experiments strategy and data-driven modeling. Additionally, molecular docking simulations were performed to disclose the mechanism of interaction at the molecular level between the adsorbent (SPEEK) and pollutant. MDPI 2022-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9654382/ /pubmed/36363150 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217558 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Baltag, Laurentiu
Cojocaru, Corneliu
Enache, Andra-Cristina
Samoila, Petrisor
Harabagiu, Valeria
Ultrasonic-Assisted Rapid Preparation of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Its Testing in Adsorption of Cationic Species from Aqueous Solutions
title Ultrasonic-Assisted Rapid Preparation of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Its Testing in Adsorption of Cationic Species from Aqueous Solutions
title_full Ultrasonic-Assisted Rapid Preparation of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Its Testing in Adsorption of Cationic Species from Aqueous Solutions
title_fullStr Ultrasonic-Assisted Rapid Preparation of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Its Testing in Adsorption of Cationic Species from Aqueous Solutions
title_full_unstemmed Ultrasonic-Assisted Rapid Preparation of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Its Testing in Adsorption of Cationic Species from Aqueous Solutions
title_short Ultrasonic-Assisted Rapid Preparation of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Its Testing in Adsorption of Cationic Species from Aqueous Solutions
title_sort ultrasonic-assisted rapid preparation of sulfonated polyether ether ketone (peek) and its testing in adsorption of cationic species from aqueous solutions
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9654382/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36363150
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217558
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