Cargando…
Endogenous Ethanol and Triglyceride Production by Gut Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Yeasts in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) increases with fructose consumption and metabolic syndrome and has been recently linked with endogenous ethanol production, notably by high alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn). Candida yeasts are the main causes of auto-brewery syndromes but have b...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9654979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36359786 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213390 |
_version_ | 1784829072040263680 |
---|---|
author | Mbaye, Babacar Borentain, Patrick Magdy Wasfy, Reham Alou, Maryam Tidjani Armstrong, Nicholas Mottola, Giovanna Meddeb, Line Ranque, Stéphane Gérolami, René Million, Matthieu Raoult, Didier |
author_facet | Mbaye, Babacar Borentain, Patrick Magdy Wasfy, Reham Alou, Maryam Tidjani Armstrong, Nicholas Mottola, Giovanna Meddeb, Line Ranque, Stéphane Gérolami, René Million, Matthieu Raoult, Didier |
author_sort | Mbaye, Babacar |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) increases with fructose consumption and metabolic syndrome and has been recently linked with endogenous ethanol production, notably by high alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn). Candida yeasts are the main causes of auto-brewery syndromes but have been neglected in NASH. Here, the fecal ethanol and microbial content of 10 cases and 10 controls were compared. Ethanol was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Species identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS, and triglyceride production was assessed by a colorimetric enzymatic assay. The fecal ethanol concentration was four times higher in patients with NASH (median [interquartile range]: 0.13 [0.05–1.43] vs. 0.034 [0.008–0.57], p = 0.037). Yeasts were isolated from almost all cases but not from controls (9/10 vs. 0/10, p = 0.0001). Pichia kudriavzevii was the most frequent (four patients), while Candida glabrata, Candida albicans, and Galactomyces geotrichum were identified in two cases each. The concentration of ethanol produced by yeasts was 10 times higher than that produced by bacteria (median, 3.36 [0.49–5.60] vs. 0.32 [0.009–0.43], p = 0.0029). Using a 10% D-fructose restricted medium, we showed that NASH-associated yeasts transformed fructose in ethanol. Unexpectedly, yeasts isolated from NASH patients produced a substantial amount of triglycerides. Pichia kudriavzevii strains produced the maximal ethanol and triglyceride levels in vitro. Our preliminary human descriptive and in vitro experimental results suggest that yeasts have been neglected. In addition to K. pneumoniae, gut Pichia and Candida yeasts could be linked with NASH pathophysiology in a species- and strain-specific manner through fructose-dependent endogenous alcohol and triglyceride production. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9654979 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96549792022-11-15 Endogenous Ethanol and Triglyceride Production by Gut Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Yeasts in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Mbaye, Babacar Borentain, Patrick Magdy Wasfy, Reham Alou, Maryam Tidjani Armstrong, Nicholas Mottola, Giovanna Meddeb, Line Ranque, Stéphane Gérolami, René Million, Matthieu Raoult, Didier Cells Article Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) increases with fructose consumption and metabolic syndrome and has been recently linked with endogenous ethanol production, notably by high alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn). Candida yeasts are the main causes of auto-brewery syndromes but have been neglected in NASH. Here, the fecal ethanol and microbial content of 10 cases and 10 controls were compared. Ethanol was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Species identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS, and triglyceride production was assessed by a colorimetric enzymatic assay. The fecal ethanol concentration was four times higher in patients with NASH (median [interquartile range]: 0.13 [0.05–1.43] vs. 0.034 [0.008–0.57], p = 0.037). Yeasts were isolated from almost all cases but not from controls (9/10 vs. 0/10, p = 0.0001). Pichia kudriavzevii was the most frequent (four patients), while Candida glabrata, Candida albicans, and Galactomyces geotrichum were identified in two cases each. The concentration of ethanol produced by yeasts was 10 times higher than that produced by bacteria (median, 3.36 [0.49–5.60] vs. 0.32 [0.009–0.43], p = 0.0029). Using a 10% D-fructose restricted medium, we showed that NASH-associated yeasts transformed fructose in ethanol. Unexpectedly, yeasts isolated from NASH patients produced a substantial amount of triglycerides. Pichia kudriavzevii strains produced the maximal ethanol and triglyceride levels in vitro. Our preliminary human descriptive and in vitro experimental results suggest that yeasts have been neglected. In addition to K. pneumoniae, gut Pichia and Candida yeasts could be linked with NASH pathophysiology in a species- and strain-specific manner through fructose-dependent endogenous alcohol and triglyceride production. MDPI 2022-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9654979/ /pubmed/36359786 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213390 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Mbaye, Babacar Borentain, Patrick Magdy Wasfy, Reham Alou, Maryam Tidjani Armstrong, Nicholas Mottola, Giovanna Meddeb, Line Ranque, Stéphane Gérolami, René Million, Matthieu Raoult, Didier Endogenous Ethanol and Triglyceride Production by Gut Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Yeasts in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis |
title | Endogenous Ethanol and Triglyceride Production by Gut Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Yeasts in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis |
title_full | Endogenous Ethanol and Triglyceride Production by Gut Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Yeasts in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis |
title_fullStr | Endogenous Ethanol and Triglyceride Production by Gut Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Yeasts in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis |
title_full_unstemmed | Endogenous Ethanol and Triglyceride Production by Gut Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Yeasts in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis |
title_short | Endogenous Ethanol and Triglyceride Production by Gut Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Yeasts in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis |
title_sort | endogenous ethanol and triglyceride production by gut pichia kudriavzevii, candida albicans and candida glabrata yeasts in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9654979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36359786 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213390 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mbayebabacar endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT borentainpatrick endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT magdywasfyreham endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT aloumaryamtidjani endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT armstrongnicholas endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT mottolagiovanna endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT meddebline endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT ranquestephane endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT gerolamirene endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT millionmatthieu endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis AT raoultdidier endogenousethanolandtriglycerideproductionbygutpichiakudriavzeviicandidaalbicansandcandidaglabratayeastsinnonalcoholicsteatohepatitis |