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Fast Detection of Different Water Contaminants by Raman Spectroscopy and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Fast monitoring of water quality is a fundamental part of environmental management and protection, in particular, the possibility of qualitatively and quantitatively determining its contamination at levels that are dangerous for human health, fauna and flora. Among the techniques currently available...

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Autores principales: Almaviva, Salvatore, Artuso, Florinda, Giardina, Isabella, Lai, Antonia, Pasquo, Alessandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9655218/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366036
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218338
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author Almaviva, Salvatore
Artuso, Florinda
Giardina, Isabella
Lai, Antonia
Pasquo, Alessandra
author_facet Almaviva, Salvatore
Artuso, Florinda
Giardina, Isabella
Lai, Antonia
Pasquo, Alessandra
author_sort Almaviva, Salvatore
collection PubMed
description Fast monitoring of water quality is a fundamental part of environmental management and protection, in particular, the possibility of qualitatively and quantitatively determining its contamination at levels that are dangerous for human health, fauna and flora. Among the techniques currently available, Raman spectroscopy and its variant, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), have several advantages, including no need for sample preparation, quick and easy operation and the ability to operate on the field. This article describes the application of the Raman and SERS technique to liquid samples contaminated with different classes of substances, including nitrates, phosphates, pesticides and their metabolites. The technique was also used for the detection of the air pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and, in particular, benzo(a)pyrene, considered as a reference for the carcinogenicity of the whole class of these compounds. To pre-concentrate the analytes, we applied a methodology based on the well-known coffee-ring effect, which ensures preconcentration of the analytes without any pretreatment of the sample, providing a versatile approach for fast and in-situ detection of water pollutants. The obtained results allowed us to reveal these analytes at low concentrations, close to or lower than their regulatory limits.
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spelling pubmed-96552182022-11-15 Fast Detection of Different Water Contaminants by Raman Spectroscopy and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Almaviva, Salvatore Artuso, Florinda Giardina, Isabella Lai, Antonia Pasquo, Alessandra Sensors (Basel) Article Fast monitoring of water quality is a fundamental part of environmental management and protection, in particular, the possibility of qualitatively and quantitatively determining its contamination at levels that are dangerous for human health, fauna and flora. Among the techniques currently available, Raman spectroscopy and its variant, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), have several advantages, including no need for sample preparation, quick and easy operation and the ability to operate on the field. This article describes the application of the Raman and SERS technique to liquid samples contaminated with different classes of substances, including nitrates, phosphates, pesticides and their metabolites. The technique was also used for the detection of the air pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and, in particular, benzo(a)pyrene, considered as a reference for the carcinogenicity of the whole class of these compounds. To pre-concentrate the analytes, we applied a methodology based on the well-known coffee-ring effect, which ensures preconcentration of the analytes without any pretreatment of the sample, providing a versatile approach for fast and in-situ detection of water pollutants. The obtained results allowed us to reveal these analytes at low concentrations, close to or lower than their regulatory limits. MDPI 2022-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9655218/ /pubmed/36366036 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218338 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Almaviva, Salvatore
Artuso, Florinda
Giardina, Isabella
Lai, Antonia
Pasquo, Alessandra
Fast Detection of Different Water Contaminants by Raman Spectroscopy and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
title Fast Detection of Different Water Contaminants by Raman Spectroscopy and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
title_full Fast Detection of Different Water Contaminants by Raman Spectroscopy and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
title_fullStr Fast Detection of Different Water Contaminants by Raman Spectroscopy and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed Fast Detection of Different Water Contaminants by Raman Spectroscopy and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
title_short Fast Detection of Different Water Contaminants by Raman Spectroscopy and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
title_sort fast detection of different water contaminants by raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9655218/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366036
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218338
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