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Validity and Reliability of Criteria for Plantar Sensation Assessment Using Semmes–Weinstein Monofilament as a Clinically Usable Index

There is no standard clinically adaptable criterion for assessing plantar sensation for pre- and post-intervention comparisons. Studies using Semmes–Weinstein monofilaments (SWMs) to investigate intervention effects on plantar sensation vary in procedure and do not consider measurement errors. This...

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Autores principales: Nakamoto, Masami, Ideguchi, Norio, Iwata, Satoru, Tomita, Shunsuke, Morimoto, Nao, Fukuda, Shion, Kudo, Shintarou
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9656000/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36360967
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114092
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author Nakamoto, Masami
Ideguchi, Norio
Iwata, Satoru
Tomita, Shunsuke
Morimoto, Nao
Fukuda, Shion
Kudo, Shintarou
author_facet Nakamoto, Masami
Ideguchi, Norio
Iwata, Satoru
Tomita, Shunsuke
Morimoto, Nao
Fukuda, Shion
Kudo, Shintarou
author_sort Nakamoto, Masami
collection PubMed
description There is no standard clinically adaptable criterion for assessing plantar sensation for pre- and post-intervention comparisons. Studies using Semmes–Weinstein monofilaments (SWMs) to investigate intervention effects on plantar sensation vary in procedure and do not consider measurement errors. This study aimed to develop a simple criterion using SWMs to assess plantar sensation, determine the measurement error range, and identify areas of low error. Six examiners assessed 87 healthy young adults in Experiment 1, while two examiners assessed 10 participants in Experiment 2. Filaments were graded from 1 to 20 based on increasing diameter. The smallest grade that could be perceived for three sequential stimuli was used as the criterion (smallest perceivable grade, SPG). The SPG was significantly smaller at the hallux and larger at the heel than at other sites. There were no significant differences between the SPG of the repeated tests performed by the same versus different examiners. The interquartile range of the differences was <±3 at all sites. Thus, our criteria were reliable in evaluating the effects of plantar sensation interventions, especially at the heel and the middle of the metatarsal heads and could contribute to the development of more effective treatments for plantar sensations.
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spelling pubmed-96560002022-11-15 Validity and Reliability of Criteria for Plantar Sensation Assessment Using Semmes–Weinstein Monofilament as a Clinically Usable Index Nakamoto, Masami Ideguchi, Norio Iwata, Satoru Tomita, Shunsuke Morimoto, Nao Fukuda, Shion Kudo, Shintarou Int J Environ Res Public Health Article There is no standard clinically adaptable criterion for assessing plantar sensation for pre- and post-intervention comparisons. Studies using Semmes–Weinstein monofilaments (SWMs) to investigate intervention effects on plantar sensation vary in procedure and do not consider measurement errors. This study aimed to develop a simple criterion using SWMs to assess plantar sensation, determine the measurement error range, and identify areas of low error. Six examiners assessed 87 healthy young adults in Experiment 1, while two examiners assessed 10 participants in Experiment 2. Filaments were graded from 1 to 20 based on increasing diameter. The smallest grade that could be perceived for three sequential stimuli was used as the criterion (smallest perceivable grade, SPG). The SPG was significantly smaller at the hallux and larger at the heel than at other sites. There were no significant differences between the SPG of the repeated tests performed by the same versus different examiners. The interquartile range of the differences was <±3 at all sites. Thus, our criteria were reliable in evaluating the effects of plantar sensation interventions, especially at the heel and the middle of the metatarsal heads and could contribute to the development of more effective treatments for plantar sensations. MDPI 2022-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9656000/ /pubmed/36360967 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114092 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nakamoto, Masami
Ideguchi, Norio
Iwata, Satoru
Tomita, Shunsuke
Morimoto, Nao
Fukuda, Shion
Kudo, Shintarou
Validity and Reliability of Criteria for Plantar Sensation Assessment Using Semmes–Weinstein Monofilament as a Clinically Usable Index
title Validity and Reliability of Criteria for Plantar Sensation Assessment Using Semmes–Weinstein Monofilament as a Clinically Usable Index
title_full Validity and Reliability of Criteria for Plantar Sensation Assessment Using Semmes–Weinstein Monofilament as a Clinically Usable Index
title_fullStr Validity and Reliability of Criteria for Plantar Sensation Assessment Using Semmes–Weinstein Monofilament as a Clinically Usable Index
title_full_unstemmed Validity and Reliability of Criteria for Plantar Sensation Assessment Using Semmes–Weinstein Monofilament as a Clinically Usable Index
title_short Validity and Reliability of Criteria for Plantar Sensation Assessment Using Semmes–Weinstein Monofilament as a Clinically Usable Index
title_sort validity and reliability of criteria for plantar sensation assessment using semmes–weinstein monofilament as a clinically usable index
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9656000/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36360967
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114092
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