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Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review

There is growing debate in the parenting literature as to whether using physical punishment to discipline children is an effective strategy or leads to the development of aggressive behaviors and other antisocial attributes. The aim of the current literature review is to examine the association betw...

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Autores principales: Wiggers, Marthe, Paas, Fred
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9656315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36361265
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114385
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author Wiggers, Marthe
Paas, Fred
author_facet Wiggers, Marthe
Paas, Fred
author_sort Wiggers, Marthe
collection PubMed
description There is growing debate in the parenting literature as to whether using physical punishment to discipline children is an effective strategy or leads to the development of aggressive behaviors and other antisocial attributes. The aim of the current literature review is to examine the association between harsh physical discipline and the development of externalizing behaviors in children, as well as the suggested moderators of this relationship. Secondly, the findings regarding the effects of harsh physical discipline on children’s educational outcomes are reviewed. Articles were selected from relevant databases while maintaining an inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a total of 22 articles included in this review. Strong associations between parental corporal punishment and a range of child behaviors were indicated by the literature, and cultural normativeness was implicated as a moderator of these effects. Results regarding the role of parental warmth as a moderator did not provide a firm conclusion. Finally, the findings suggest that when a child is subjected to physical discipline in the home, their life at school may be adversely affected by impaired cognitive performance, peer isolation, and behavioral problems. The primary limitation of the studies reviewed is the use of self-report data and correlational analyses, ruling out the possibility of inferring causal relations. Nonetheless, the results indicate the necessity of encouraging parents and caregivers to avoid physical punishment as a disciplinary tactic while providing them with the tools to explore alternative practices.
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spelling pubmed-96563152022-11-15 Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review Wiggers, Marthe Paas, Fred Int J Environ Res Public Health Review There is growing debate in the parenting literature as to whether using physical punishment to discipline children is an effective strategy or leads to the development of aggressive behaviors and other antisocial attributes. The aim of the current literature review is to examine the association between harsh physical discipline and the development of externalizing behaviors in children, as well as the suggested moderators of this relationship. Secondly, the findings regarding the effects of harsh physical discipline on children’s educational outcomes are reviewed. Articles were selected from relevant databases while maintaining an inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a total of 22 articles included in this review. Strong associations between parental corporal punishment and a range of child behaviors were indicated by the literature, and cultural normativeness was implicated as a moderator of these effects. Results regarding the role of parental warmth as a moderator did not provide a firm conclusion. Finally, the findings suggest that when a child is subjected to physical discipline in the home, their life at school may be adversely affected by impaired cognitive performance, peer isolation, and behavioral problems. The primary limitation of the studies reviewed is the use of self-report data and correlational analyses, ruling out the possibility of inferring causal relations. Nonetheless, the results indicate the necessity of encouraging parents and caregivers to avoid physical punishment as a disciplinary tactic while providing them with the tools to explore alternative practices. MDPI 2022-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9656315/ /pubmed/36361265 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114385 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wiggers, Marthe
Paas, Fred
Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review
title Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review
title_full Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review
title_short Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review
title_sort harsh physical discipline and externalizing behaviors in children: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9656315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36361265
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114385
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