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HPV Vaccine Hesitancy and Influencing Factors among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on the 3Cs Model

The burden of disease caused by cervical cancer ranked second among female tumors in China. The HPV vaccine has been proven to be a cost-effective measure to prevent cervical cancer, but the vaccination rate remained low to date among university students. This study aimed to understand the status qu...

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Autores principales: Huang, Yan, Chen, Cheng, Wang, Lei, Wu, Huamei, Chen, Ting, Zhang, Luying
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9657119/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36360905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114025
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author Huang, Yan
Chen, Cheng
Wang, Lei
Wu, Huamei
Chen, Ting
Zhang, Luying
author_facet Huang, Yan
Chen, Cheng
Wang, Lei
Wu, Huamei
Chen, Ting
Zhang, Luying
author_sort Huang, Yan
collection PubMed
description The burden of disease caused by cervical cancer ranked second among female tumors in China. The HPV vaccine has been proven to be a cost-effective measure to prevent cervical cancer, but the vaccination rate remained low to date among university students. This study aimed to understand the status quo of HPV vaccine hesitancy among university students across China during the COVID-19 pandemics and systematically analyze determinants of HPV vaccine hesitancy based on the WHO 3Cs model. Cross-sectional data were collected using an online survey of female university students in four cities across China in June 2022. Multinomial logistic regression was adopted to determine factors influencing vaccine hesitancy based on the 3Cs model with three dimensions, namely complacency, convenience, and confidence. Among 1438 female university students surveyed in this study, 89.7% did not hesitate to vaccinate against HPV, only 8.9% hesitated to some extent, and 1.4% refused to vaccinate. The actual vaccination rate for the HPV vaccine was 34.2%. Based on the 3Cs model, this study found that the trust on the efficacy of vaccines, risk perception of being infected by HPV, price, and distance/time were influencing factors of vaccine hesitancy. Knowledge of the HPV vaccine and sociodemographic characteristics, such as education levels, were also statistically relevant. Therefore, it is recommended that relevant scientific knowledge on cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine should be spread on campus, the vaccination appointment procedure should be simplified, and the affordability of vaccination should be increased through strategic purchasing or providing subsidies, so as to reduce HPV vaccine hesitancy.
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spelling pubmed-96571192022-11-15 HPV Vaccine Hesitancy and Influencing Factors among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on the 3Cs Model Huang, Yan Chen, Cheng Wang, Lei Wu, Huamei Chen, Ting Zhang, Luying Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The burden of disease caused by cervical cancer ranked second among female tumors in China. The HPV vaccine has been proven to be a cost-effective measure to prevent cervical cancer, but the vaccination rate remained low to date among university students. This study aimed to understand the status quo of HPV vaccine hesitancy among university students across China during the COVID-19 pandemics and systematically analyze determinants of HPV vaccine hesitancy based on the WHO 3Cs model. Cross-sectional data were collected using an online survey of female university students in four cities across China in June 2022. Multinomial logistic regression was adopted to determine factors influencing vaccine hesitancy based on the 3Cs model with three dimensions, namely complacency, convenience, and confidence. Among 1438 female university students surveyed in this study, 89.7% did not hesitate to vaccinate against HPV, only 8.9% hesitated to some extent, and 1.4% refused to vaccinate. The actual vaccination rate for the HPV vaccine was 34.2%. Based on the 3Cs model, this study found that the trust on the efficacy of vaccines, risk perception of being infected by HPV, price, and distance/time were influencing factors of vaccine hesitancy. Knowledge of the HPV vaccine and sociodemographic characteristics, such as education levels, were also statistically relevant. Therefore, it is recommended that relevant scientific knowledge on cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine should be spread on campus, the vaccination appointment procedure should be simplified, and the affordability of vaccination should be increased through strategic purchasing or providing subsidies, so as to reduce HPV vaccine hesitancy. MDPI 2022-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9657119/ /pubmed/36360905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114025 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Huang, Yan
Chen, Cheng
Wang, Lei
Wu, Huamei
Chen, Ting
Zhang, Luying
HPV Vaccine Hesitancy and Influencing Factors among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on the 3Cs Model
title HPV Vaccine Hesitancy and Influencing Factors among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on the 3Cs Model
title_full HPV Vaccine Hesitancy and Influencing Factors among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on the 3Cs Model
title_fullStr HPV Vaccine Hesitancy and Influencing Factors among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on the 3Cs Model
title_full_unstemmed HPV Vaccine Hesitancy and Influencing Factors among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on the 3Cs Model
title_short HPV Vaccine Hesitancy and Influencing Factors among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on the 3Cs Model
title_sort hpv vaccine hesitancy and influencing factors among university students in china: a cross-sectional survey based on the 3cs model
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9657119/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36360905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114025
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