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Behavior of Residual Current Devices at Earth Fault Currents with DC Component

Low-voltage electrical installations are increasingly saturated with power electronic converters. Due to very high popularity of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the spread of electric vehicles (EV) as well as their charging installations, DC–AC and AC–DC converters are often found in power syste...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Czapp, Stanislaw, Tariq, Hanan, Cieslik, Slawomir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9657196/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366077
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218382
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author Czapp, Stanislaw
Tariq, Hanan
Cieslik, Slawomir
author_facet Czapp, Stanislaw
Tariq, Hanan
Cieslik, Slawomir
author_sort Czapp, Stanislaw
collection PubMed
description Low-voltage electrical installations are increasingly saturated with power electronic converters. Due to very high popularity of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the spread of electric vehicles (EV) as well as their charging installations, DC–AC and AC–DC converters are often found in power systems. The transformerless coupling of AC and DC systems via power electronic converters means that an electrical installation containing both these systems should be recognized from the point of view of earth fault current waveform shapes. In such installations, various shapes of the earth fault current may occur—a DC component of a high value may especially flow. The DC component included in the earth fault current influences the tripping threshold of residual current devices (RCDs)—the devices which are mandatory in certain locations. This paper presents results of the AC-type, A-type, and F-type RCDs sensitivity testing under residual currents of various compositions of the DC component. This testing has shown that the DC component may both degrade and improve the sensitivity of RCDs. Moreover, unexpected positive behaviors of RCDs in some circumstances under DC residual current is discussed. Therefore, recognizing the real sensitivity and behavior of RCDs from the point of view of the DC component is important for effective protection against electric shock, in particular, in PV installations and EV charging systems. The research results provide a new insight into the real behavior of RCDs in modern power systems and, consequently, the safety of people.
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spelling pubmed-96571962022-11-15 Behavior of Residual Current Devices at Earth Fault Currents with DC Component Czapp, Stanislaw Tariq, Hanan Cieslik, Slawomir Sensors (Basel) Article Low-voltage electrical installations are increasingly saturated with power electronic converters. Due to very high popularity of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the spread of electric vehicles (EV) as well as their charging installations, DC–AC and AC–DC converters are often found in power systems. The transformerless coupling of AC and DC systems via power electronic converters means that an electrical installation containing both these systems should be recognized from the point of view of earth fault current waveform shapes. In such installations, various shapes of the earth fault current may occur—a DC component of a high value may especially flow. The DC component included in the earth fault current influences the tripping threshold of residual current devices (RCDs)—the devices which are mandatory in certain locations. This paper presents results of the AC-type, A-type, and F-type RCDs sensitivity testing under residual currents of various compositions of the DC component. This testing has shown that the DC component may both degrade and improve the sensitivity of RCDs. Moreover, unexpected positive behaviors of RCDs in some circumstances under DC residual current is discussed. Therefore, recognizing the real sensitivity and behavior of RCDs from the point of view of the DC component is important for effective protection against electric shock, in particular, in PV installations and EV charging systems. The research results provide a new insight into the real behavior of RCDs in modern power systems and, consequently, the safety of people. MDPI 2022-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9657196/ /pubmed/36366077 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218382 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Czapp, Stanislaw
Tariq, Hanan
Cieslik, Slawomir
Behavior of Residual Current Devices at Earth Fault Currents with DC Component
title Behavior of Residual Current Devices at Earth Fault Currents with DC Component
title_full Behavior of Residual Current Devices at Earth Fault Currents with DC Component
title_fullStr Behavior of Residual Current Devices at Earth Fault Currents with DC Component
title_full_unstemmed Behavior of Residual Current Devices at Earth Fault Currents with DC Component
title_short Behavior of Residual Current Devices at Earth Fault Currents with DC Component
title_sort behavior of residual current devices at earth fault currents with dc component
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9657196/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366077
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218382
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