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PVP/CS/Phyllanthus emblica Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations
In the wake of increasing demands on skin health, we propose simple, natural, and safe dry facial masks that restrict melanin synthesis. Phyllanthus emblica (P. emblica) is made into powders via a low-temperature extraction and freeze-drying process to serve as a natural agent. Next, it is added to...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9657772/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36365465 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214470 |
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author | Lin, Jian-Hong Shiu, Bing-Chiuan Hsu, Po-Wen Lou, Ching-Wen Lin, Jia-Horng |
author_facet | Lin, Jian-Hong Shiu, Bing-Chiuan Hsu, Po-Wen Lou, Ching-Wen Lin, Jia-Horng |
author_sort | Lin, Jian-Hong |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the wake of increasing demands on skin health, we propose simple, natural, and safe dry facial masks that restrict melanin synthesis. Phyllanthus emblica (P. emblica) is made into powders via a low-temperature extraction and freeze-drying process to serve as a natural agent. Next, it is added to mixtures containing Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Chitosan (CS), after which the blends are electrospun into PVP/CS/P. emblica nanofiber membrane dry facial masks using the electrospinning technique. The dry facial masks are evaluated using the calibration analysis method, extraction rate test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), release rate test, tyrosinase inhibition assay, biocompatibility test, and anti-inflammatory capacity test. Test results indicate that when the electrospinning mixture contains 29.0% P. emblica, the nanofibers have a diameter of ≤214.27 ± 74.51 nm and a water contact angle of 77.25 ± 2.21. P. emblica is completely released in twenty minutes, and the tyrosinase inhibition rate reaches 99.53 ± 0.45% and the cell activity ≥82.60 ± 1.30%. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory capacity test results suggest that dry facial masks confine inflammatory factors. PVP/CS/P. emblica nanofiber dry facial masks demonstrate excellent tyrosinase inhibition and are hydrophilic, biocompatible, and inflammation-free. The dry facial masks are a suitable material that is worthwhile exploring and applying to the cosmetic field. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9657772 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96577722022-11-15 PVP/CS/Phyllanthus emblica Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations Lin, Jian-Hong Shiu, Bing-Chiuan Hsu, Po-Wen Lou, Ching-Wen Lin, Jia-Horng Polymers (Basel) Article In the wake of increasing demands on skin health, we propose simple, natural, and safe dry facial masks that restrict melanin synthesis. Phyllanthus emblica (P. emblica) is made into powders via a low-temperature extraction and freeze-drying process to serve as a natural agent. Next, it is added to mixtures containing Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Chitosan (CS), after which the blends are electrospun into PVP/CS/P. emblica nanofiber membrane dry facial masks using the electrospinning technique. The dry facial masks are evaluated using the calibration analysis method, extraction rate test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), release rate test, tyrosinase inhibition assay, biocompatibility test, and anti-inflammatory capacity test. Test results indicate that when the electrospinning mixture contains 29.0% P. emblica, the nanofibers have a diameter of ≤214.27 ± 74.51 nm and a water contact angle of 77.25 ± 2.21. P. emblica is completely released in twenty minutes, and the tyrosinase inhibition rate reaches 99.53 ± 0.45% and the cell activity ≥82.60 ± 1.30%. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory capacity test results suggest that dry facial masks confine inflammatory factors. PVP/CS/P. emblica nanofiber dry facial masks demonstrate excellent tyrosinase inhibition and are hydrophilic, biocompatible, and inflammation-free. The dry facial masks are a suitable material that is worthwhile exploring and applying to the cosmetic field. MDPI 2022-10-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9657772/ /pubmed/36365465 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214470 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lin, Jian-Hong Shiu, Bing-Chiuan Hsu, Po-Wen Lou, Ching-Wen Lin, Jia-Horng PVP/CS/Phyllanthus emblica Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations |
title | PVP/CS/Phyllanthus emblica Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations |
title_full | PVP/CS/Phyllanthus emblica Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations |
title_fullStr | PVP/CS/Phyllanthus emblica Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations |
title_full_unstemmed | PVP/CS/Phyllanthus emblica Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations |
title_short | PVP/CS/Phyllanthus emblica Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations |
title_sort | pvp/cs/phyllanthus emblica nanofiber membranes for dry facial masks: manufacturing process and evaluations |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9657772/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36365465 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214470 |
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