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Race and Ethnicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Narrative Review
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant public health concern worldwide with a complex etiology attributed to behavioural, environmental, and genetic causes. The worldwide prevalence of NAFLD is estimated to be 32.4% and constantly rising. Global data, however, indicate considerab...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9658200/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36364818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14214556 |
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author | Riazi, Kiarash Swain, Mark G. Congly, Stephen E. Kaplan, Gilaad G. Shaheen, Abdel-Aziz |
author_facet | Riazi, Kiarash Swain, Mark G. Congly, Stephen E. Kaplan, Gilaad G. Shaheen, Abdel-Aziz |
author_sort | Riazi, Kiarash |
collection | PubMed |
description | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant public health concern worldwide with a complex etiology attributed to behavioural, environmental, and genetic causes. The worldwide prevalence of NAFLD is estimated to be 32.4% and constantly rising. Global data, however, indicate considerable heterogeneity among studies for both NAFLD prevalence and incidence. Identifying variables that affect the estimated epidemiological measures is essential to all stakeholders, including patients, researchers, healthcare providers, and policymakers. Besides helping with the research on disease etiology, it helps to identify individuals at risk of the disease, which in turn will outline the focus of the preventive measures and help to fittingly tailor individualized treatments, targeted prevention, screening, or treatment programs. Several studies suggest differences in the prevalence and severity of NAFLD by race or ethnicity, which may be linked to differences in lifestyle, diet, metabolic comorbidity profile, and genetic background, among others. Race/ethnicity research is essential as it can provide valuable information regarding biological and genetic differences among people with similar cultural, dietary, and geographical backgrounds. In this review, we examined the existing literature on race/ethnicity differences in susceptibility to NAFLD and discussed the contributing variables to such differences, including diet and physical activity, the comorbidity profile, and genetic susceptibility. We also reviewed the limitations of race/ethnicity studies in NAFLD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9658200 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96582002022-11-15 Race and Ethnicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Narrative Review Riazi, Kiarash Swain, Mark G. Congly, Stephen E. Kaplan, Gilaad G. Shaheen, Abdel-Aziz Nutrients Review Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant public health concern worldwide with a complex etiology attributed to behavioural, environmental, and genetic causes. The worldwide prevalence of NAFLD is estimated to be 32.4% and constantly rising. Global data, however, indicate considerable heterogeneity among studies for both NAFLD prevalence and incidence. Identifying variables that affect the estimated epidemiological measures is essential to all stakeholders, including patients, researchers, healthcare providers, and policymakers. Besides helping with the research on disease etiology, it helps to identify individuals at risk of the disease, which in turn will outline the focus of the preventive measures and help to fittingly tailor individualized treatments, targeted prevention, screening, or treatment programs. Several studies suggest differences in the prevalence and severity of NAFLD by race or ethnicity, which may be linked to differences in lifestyle, diet, metabolic comorbidity profile, and genetic background, among others. Race/ethnicity research is essential as it can provide valuable information regarding biological and genetic differences among people with similar cultural, dietary, and geographical backgrounds. In this review, we examined the existing literature on race/ethnicity differences in susceptibility to NAFLD and discussed the contributing variables to such differences, including diet and physical activity, the comorbidity profile, and genetic susceptibility. We also reviewed the limitations of race/ethnicity studies in NAFLD. MDPI 2022-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9658200/ /pubmed/36364818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14214556 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Riazi, Kiarash Swain, Mark G. Congly, Stephen E. Kaplan, Gilaad G. Shaheen, Abdel-Aziz Race and Ethnicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Narrative Review |
title | Race and Ethnicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Narrative Review |
title_full | Race and Ethnicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Narrative Review |
title_fullStr | Race and Ethnicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Narrative Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Race and Ethnicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Narrative Review |
title_short | Race and Ethnicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Narrative Review |
title_sort | race and ethnicity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld): a narrative review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9658200/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36364818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14214556 |
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