Cargando…
Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae)
In the genus Phyteuma, the taxonomic delimitation of some species is difficult since a high variability of morphological traits, such as flower color, is present, probably due to high levels of hybridization. Historic descriptions and the morphological traits used in the taxonomic keys are sometimes...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9658285/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36365351 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212894 |
_version_ | 1784829913429180416 |
---|---|
author | Grohar, Mariana Cecilia Medic, Aljaz Ivancic, Tea Veberic, Robert Jogan, Jernej |
author_facet | Grohar, Mariana Cecilia Medic, Aljaz Ivancic, Tea Veberic, Robert Jogan, Jernej |
author_sort | Grohar, Mariana Cecilia |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the genus Phyteuma, the taxonomic delimitation of some species is difficult since a high variability of morphological traits, such as flower color, is present, probably due to high levels of hybridization. Historic descriptions and the morphological traits used in the taxonomic keys are sometimes unclear and lead to misinterpretations. Here, a detailed analysis of flower color variability in different populations of sympatric P. spicatum, P. ovatum, and P. persicifolium constitutes a new approach to clarifying the taxonomic statuses. The numeric analysis of color, providing colorimetric variables, together with the detailed description of the metabolic profiles of populations with different flower colors, constitute a unique chemical fingerprint that identifies species and subspecies with clear markers. This study is the most complete metabolic research on genus Phyteuma, since we identified and quantified 44 phenolic compounds using HPLC-MS, comprising 14 phenolic acids, 23 flavonols and flavones, and, for the first time in the genus, 7 anthocyanins involved in flower color variability. This approach contributes to clarifying the differences between species, which is particularly relevant in taxonomic complexes such as the present, where morphology fails to clearly differentiate taxa at specific and intraspecific levels. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9658285 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96582852022-11-15 Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae) Grohar, Mariana Cecilia Medic, Aljaz Ivancic, Tea Veberic, Robert Jogan, Jernej Plants (Basel) Article In the genus Phyteuma, the taxonomic delimitation of some species is difficult since a high variability of morphological traits, such as flower color, is present, probably due to high levels of hybridization. Historic descriptions and the morphological traits used in the taxonomic keys are sometimes unclear and lead to misinterpretations. Here, a detailed analysis of flower color variability in different populations of sympatric P. spicatum, P. ovatum, and P. persicifolium constitutes a new approach to clarifying the taxonomic statuses. The numeric analysis of color, providing colorimetric variables, together with the detailed description of the metabolic profiles of populations with different flower colors, constitute a unique chemical fingerprint that identifies species and subspecies with clear markers. This study is the most complete metabolic research on genus Phyteuma, since we identified and quantified 44 phenolic compounds using HPLC-MS, comprising 14 phenolic acids, 23 flavonols and flavones, and, for the first time in the genus, 7 anthocyanins involved in flower color variability. This approach contributes to clarifying the differences between species, which is particularly relevant in taxonomic complexes such as the present, where morphology fails to clearly differentiate taxa at specific and intraspecific levels. MDPI 2022-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9658285/ /pubmed/36365351 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212894 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Grohar, Mariana Cecilia Medic, Aljaz Ivancic, Tea Veberic, Robert Jogan, Jernej Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae) |
title | Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae) |
title_full | Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae) |
title_fullStr | Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae) |
title_full_unstemmed | Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae) |
title_short | Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae) |
title_sort | color variation and secondary metabolites’ footprint in a taxonomic complex of phyteuma sp. (campanulaceae) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9658285/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36365351 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212894 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT groharmarianacecilia colorvariationandsecondarymetabolitesfootprintinataxonomiccomplexofphyteumaspcampanulaceae AT medicaljaz colorvariationandsecondarymetabolitesfootprintinataxonomiccomplexofphyteumaspcampanulaceae AT ivancictea colorvariationandsecondarymetabolitesfootprintinataxonomiccomplexofphyteumaspcampanulaceae AT vebericrobert colorvariationandsecondarymetabolitesfootprintinataxonomiccomplexofphyteumaspcampanulaceae AT joganjernej colorvariationandsecondarymetabolitesfootprintinataxonomiccomplexofphyteumaspcampanulaceae |