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Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae)

In the genus Phyteuma, the taxonomic delimitation of some species is difficult since a high variability of morphological traits, such as flower color, is present, probably due to high levels of hybridization. Historic descriptions and the morphological traits used in the taxonomic keys are sometimes...

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Autores principales: Grohar, Mariana Cecilia, Medic, Aljaz, Ivancic, Tea, Veberic, Robert, Jogan, Jernej
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9658285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36365351
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212894
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author Grohar, Mariana Cecilia
Medic, Aljaz
Ivancic, Tea
Veberic, Robert
Jogan, Jernej
author_facet Grohar, Mariana Cecilia
Medic, Aljaz
Ivancic, Tea
Veberic, Robert
Jogan, Jernej
author_sort Grohar, Mariana Cecilia
collection PubMed
description In the genus Phyteuma, the taxonomic delimitation of some species is difficult since a high variability of morphological traits, such as flower color, is present, probably due to high levels of hybridization. Historic descriptions and the morphological traits used in the taxonomic keys are sometimes unclear and lead to misinterpretations. Here, a detailed analysis of flower color variability in different populations of sympatric P. spicatum, P. ovatum, and P. persicifolium constitutes a new approach to clarifying the taxonomic statuses. The numeric analysis of color, providing colorimetric variables, together with the detailed description of the metabolic profiles of populations with different flower colors, constitute a unique chemical fingerprint that identifies species and subspecies with clear markers. This study is the most complete metabolic research on genus Phyteuma, since we identified and quantified 44 phenolic compounds using HPLC-MS, comprising 14 phenolic acids, 23 flavonols and flavones, and, for the first time in the genus, 7 anthocyanins involved in flower color variability. This approach contributes to clarifying the differences between species, which is particularly relevant in taxonomic complexes such as the present, where morphology fails to clearly differentiate taxa at specific and intraspecific levels.
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spelling pubmed-96582852022-11-15 Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae) Grohar, Mariana Cecilia Medic, Aljaz Ivancic, Tea Veberic, Robert Jogan, Jernej Plants (Basel) Article In the genus Phyteuma, the taxonomic delimitation of some species is difficult since a high variability of morphological traits, such as flower color, is present, probably due to high levels of hybridization. Historic descriptions and the morphological traits used in the taxonomic keys are sometimes unclear and lead to misinterpretations. Here, a detailed analysis of flower color variability in different populations of sympatric P. spicatum, P. ovatum, and P. persicifolium constitutes a new approach to clarifying the taxonomic statuses. The numeric analysis of color, providing colorimetric variables, together with the detailed description of the metabolic profiles of populations with different flower colors, constitute a unique chemical fingerprint that identifies species and subspecies with clear markers. This study is the most complete metabolic research on genus Phyteuma, since we identified and quantified 44 phenolic compounds using HPLC-MS, comprising 14 phenolic acids, 23 flavonols and flavones, and, for the first time in the genus, 7 anthocyanins involved in flower color variability. This approach contributes to clarifying the differences between species, which is particularly relevant in taxonomic complexes such as the present, where morphology fails to clearly differentiate taxa at specific and intraspecific levels. MDPI 2022-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9658285/ /pubmed/36365351 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212894 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Grohar, Mariana Cecilia
Medic, Aljaz
Ivancic, Tea
Veberic, Robert
Jogan, Jernej
Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae)
title Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae)
title_full Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae)
title_fullStr Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae)
title_full_unstemmed Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae)
title_short Color Variation and Secondary Metabolites’ Footprint in a Taxonomic Complex of Phyteuma sp. (Campanulaceae)
title_sort color variation and secondary metabolites’ footprint in a taxonomic complex of phyteuma sp. (campanulaceae)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9658285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36365351
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212894
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