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Reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and effect of a pedicled submental flap in postoperative defect repair of nasopharyngeal malignant tumors. METHODS: Eight cases (six women, two men; age, 29–63 years) of postoperative defects after resection of malignant nasopharyngeal tumors with a lesion s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9662300/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36386526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2022.985752 |
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author | Ma, Hongzhi Fang, Jugao Zhong, Qi Hou, Lizhen Feng, Ling He, Shizhi Wang, Ru Yang, Yifan |
author_facet | Ma, Hongzhi Fang, Jugao Zhong, Qi Hou, Lizhen Feng, Ling He, Shizhi Wang, Ru Yang, Yifan |
author_sort | Ma, Hongzhi |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and effect of a pedicled submental flap in postoperative defect repair of nasopharyngeal malignant tumors. METHODS: Eight cases (six women, two men; age, 29–63 years) of postoperative defects after resection of malignant nasopharyngeal tumors with a lesion stage of (r) T(1–3)N(0–2)M(0) were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative enhanced thin-slice computed tomography of the neck was performed to predict the submental flap reflux vein. The submental flap was prefabricated during the operation, and the nasopharyngeal mass was removed through the parapharyngeal space approach combined with nasal endoscopy/mandibular external rotation/maxillary overturning. The submental flap was elevated to the nasopharyngeal defect area through the parapharyngeal space for repair. RESULTS: Intraoperative examination confirmed that among the eight submental flaps, three had venous drainage into the internal jugular vein and five had venous drainage into the external jugular vein; these findings were consistent with the preoperative computed tomography findings. The size of the submental flap was 8–10 cm × 5–6 cm. The repair range reached the eustachian orifice on the healthy side and extended to the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus on the affected side. The flap extended to the posterior upper part of the nasal septum at the top, to the oropharynx at the bottom, and to the bony surface of the skull base at the deep side. Primary healing after surgery was achieved, and no flap necrosis occurred. After 3–77 months of follow-up, one patient with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy developed cervical lymph node recurrence again, one patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma had lung metastasis, and the remaining six patients had no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The pedicled submental flap is used to repair postoperative defects in the nasopharyngeal region through the cervical parapharyngeal space. It is a simple and fast procedure with adequate tissue volumes. The flap can effectively protect important structures such as the internal carotid artery and reduce the risk of infection and bleeding from postoperative wound exposure. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9662300 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96623002022-11-15 Reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors Ma, Hongzhi Fang, Jugao Zhong, Qi Hou, Lizhen Feng, Ling He, Shizhi Wang, Ru Yang, Yifan Front Surg Surgery OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and effect of a pedicled submental flap in postoperative defect repair of nasopharyngeal malignant tumors. METHODS: Eight cases (six women, two men; age, 29–63 years) of postoperative defects after resection of malignant nasopharyngeal tumors with a lesion stage of (r) T(1–3)N(0–2)M(0) were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative enhanced thin-slice computed tomography of the neck was performed to predict the submental flap reflux vein. The submental flap was prefabricated during the operation, and the nasopharyngeal mass was removed through the parapharyngeal space approach combined with nasal endoscopy/mandibular external rotation/maxillary overturning. The submental flap was elevated to the nasopharyngeal defect area through the parapharyngeal space for repair. RESULTS: Intraoperative examination confirmed that among the eight submental flaps, three had venous drainage into the internal jugular vein and five had venous drainage into the external jugular vein; these findings were consistent with the preoperative computed tomography findings. The size of the submental flap was 8–10 cm × 5–6 cm. The repair range reached the eustachian orifice on the healthy side and extended to the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus on the affected side. The flap extended to the posterior upper part of the nasal septum at the top, to the oropharynx at the bottom, and to the bony surface of the skull base at the deep side. Primary healing after surgery was achieved, and no flap necrosis occurred. After 3–77 months of follow-up, one patient with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy developed cervical lymph node recurrence again, one patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma had lung metastasis, and the remaining six patients had no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The pedicled submental flap is used to repair postoperative defects in the nasopharyngeal region through the cervical parapharyngeal space. It is a simple and fast procedure with adequate tissue volumes. The flap can effectively protect important structures such as the internal carotid artery and reduce the risk of infection and bleeding from postoperative wound exposure. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9662300/ /pubmed/36386526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2022.985752 Text en © 2022 Ma, Fang, Zhong, Hou, Feng, He, Wang and Yang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Surgery Ma, Hongzhi Fang, Jugao Zhong, Qi Hou, Lizhen Feng, Ling He, Shizhi Wang, Ru Yang, Yifan Reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors |
title | Reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors |
title_full | Reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors |
title_fullStr | Reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors |
title_full_unstemmed | Reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors |
title_short | Reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors |
title_sort | reconstruction of nasopharyngeal defect with submental flap during surgery for nasopharyngeal malignant tumors |
topic | Surgery |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9662300/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36386526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2022.985752 |
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